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. 2013 Jul;33(10):816–830. doi: 10.1177/0333102412473667

Table 4.

Pain relief and freedom at 15 minutes after initiating therapy. Data are presented for least squared mean (LSM) estimate from the GEE model. The LSM has been back-transformed from the logit scale to the probability scale and represents the estimate of probability of pain relief.

Full stimulation
Sub-perception stimulation
Sham stimulation
Relief Freedom Relief Freedom Relief Freedom
Probability of pain Relief/freedom (GEE LSM) 67.1% 34.1% 7.3% 1.6% 7.4% 1.5%
95% CI (GEE LSM) 50.2–80.5% 18.6–54.1% 4.0–13.2% 0.5–5.1% 3.9–13.7% 0.5–4.9%
p value compared to sham (GEE LSM) <0.0001 <0.0001 0.96 0·97

GEE: generalized estimating equation; CI: confidence interval.