Effect of song learning and gender on post-stimulus synchrony. (a) Trial-averaged spectrograms of the EEG across electrodes. Spectrograms, averaged across stimuli, show decreased power in the 4-16 Hz frequency band (between dotted lines) approximately 200-800 ms after stimulus onset. This effect is weak in isolated males compared to all other groups. (b) Mean power in the 4-16Hz band: there is significantly less decrease in power (desynchrony) in the isolate males compared to all other groups (2 way ANOVA: group, p < 0.01; stimuli, p = 0.7; interaction, p = 0.9). Reduced post-stimulus desynchrony in isolated males may suggest that this group is less engaged in listening to and processing biologically relevant sounds.