Figure 3. Edited Squid Na⁺/K⁺ Pumps Release Na⁺ to the Outside More Quickly.

States involved in the sequential release of three Na⁺ ions to the outside are depicted. State names are written below each cartoon where P indicates phosphorylation, E1 indicates ion binding sites facing inward, E2 indicates ion binding sites facing outwards, and parentheses indicate occlusion. States that involve K⁺ movement, or ion binding/release to the inside, have been left out. States colored in red indicate a relatively high occupancy, and those in blue a relatively low occupancy. Na⁺ ions are shown in green. The overall effect of editing is to reduce the pumps inhibition from high concentrations of extracellular Na⁺ and negative voltages, leading to faster Na⁺ release and turnover over the physiological range of voltages. The dashed arrow indicates a slower rate.