Figure 2.
Intra-articular delivery of Ad.TGF-β1 induces joint swelling. The knees of nude rats were injected with 2.0 × 109 v.p. of Ad.TGF-β1or Ad.GFP as a negative control, and the diameter of the joints was measured periodically with calipers. Injection of Ad.TGF-β1 rapidly induced joint thickening, and all animals showed increased knee diameter throughout the experiment. For the Ad.TGF-β1-treated group, days 0 and 5 represent n = 16 knees, days 5–10 represent n = 8 knees and days 10–30 represent n = 4 knees. For all time points Ad.GFP control represents an n = 8 knees. Values represent the mean of measurements for all knees in each group. Error bars represent ± s.e.m. All points in treated animals were statistically significant compared with control as indicated with an asterisk (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05).