HFS-induced LTP is blocked by inhibitors of either NMDARs or CP-AMPARs, but only inhibitors of CP-AMPARs block HFS-induced p38 activation. HFS LTP was induced in brain slices from WT mice in the presence of saline, NMDA receptor inhibitor, APV, (100 μm), or the CP-AMPA receptor inhibitor IEM-1460 (IEM, 30 μm). A and B, fEPSP slopes were then measured in some slices (A) (data represent the mean ± S.E. of >6 slices), and others were stained with phospho-p38 MAP kinase antibodies (B). Data are representative of three fields (scale bar, 50 μm).