Table 1. Study sample characteristics.
| Ghana | Netherlands | p-value | |
| n | 624 | 2931 | |
| Women, n (%) | 463 (74.2) | 1539 (52.5) | <0.001 |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 47.3 (20.3) | 48.6 (12.4) | 0.13 |
| CRP, median (25th–75th percentile) | 0.8 (0.4–2.2) | 1.4 (0.7–3.2) | <0.001 |
| CRP, geometric mean | 1.0 | 1.5 | <0.001 |
| Acute phase response*, n (%) | 33 (5.3) | 121 (4.1) | 0.20 |
| Acute phase response*, geometric mean CRP (SD) | 24.6 (2.4) | 17.3 (1.6) | 0.04 |
| Low grade inflammation**, n (%) | 79 (12.7) | 650 (22.2) | <0.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 18.4 (2.5) | 25.6 (4.0) | <0.001 |
CRP: C-reactive protein (mg/L), BMI: body mass index (kg/m2),
*
CRP≥10 mg/L;
**
3≤CRP<10 mg/L.