Table 2.
Univariate Comparison of Comorbidities and Acute Medical Conditions Associated with In-Hospital Stroke and Out-of-Hospital Stroke (United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 2005–2010)
| OHS, n (%) | IHS, n (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comorbidities | |||
| Elixhauser comorbidity quartile (index value) | <0.001 | ||
| 1st (<5) | 3013 (28.1) | 212 (20.8) | |
| 2nd (5–7) | 2951 (27.5) | 223 (21.9) | |
| 3rd (8–14) | 2824 (26.3) | 292 (28.6) | |
| 4th (>14) | 1942 (18.1) | 293 (28.7) | |
| Anemia | 1116 (10.4) | 203 (19.9) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2531 (23.6) | 269 (26.4) | 0.046 |
| Coronary artery disease | 2810 (26.2) | 330 (32.4) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 757 (7.1) | 93 (9.1) | 0.015 |
| Coagulopathy | 254 (2.4) | 54 (5.3) | <0.001 |
| Collagen vascular disease | 219 (2.0) | 14 (1.4) | 0.143 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1352 (12.6) | 156 (15.3) | 0.014 |
| Diabetes without complications | 2456 (22.9) | 240 (23.5) | 0.642 |
| Diabetes with chronic complications | 298 (2.8) | 47 (4.6) | 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 5112 (47.6) | 408 (40.0) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 8133 (75.8) | 721 (70.7) | <0.001 |
| Liver disease | 76 (0.7) | 11 (1.1) | 0.188 |
| Metastatic cancer | 75 (0.7) | 17 (1.7) | 0.001 |
| Solid tumor without metastasis | 132 (1.2) | 23 (2.3) | 0.006 |
| Valvular disease | 978 (9.1) | 86 (8.4) | 0.467 |
| Medical complications | |||
| Acute kidney injury | 551 (5.1) | 109 (10.7) | <0.001 |
| Acute respiratory failure | 959 (8.0) | 176 (17.3) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac arrest | 56 (0.5) | 20 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| Deep venous thrombosis | 82 (0.8) | 24 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| Pneumonia | 434 (4.0) | 112 (11.0) | <0.001 |
| Sepsis | 202 (1.9) | 77 (7.5) | <0.001 |
| Urinary infection | 1213 (11.3) | 196 (19.2) | <0.001 |
IHS indicates in-hospital stroke; OHS, out-of-hospital stroke.