Figure 4. Probing the specific sugar-lectin interactions with the biomimetic interfaces by DPV and/or electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).

DPVs of SPEs confined with (a) GO-GA1, (b) GO-GA3, (c) GO-GA2 and (d) GO-GA4 in the absence (the top curves) and presence of incremental specific lectins (where I is the changed current after addition of the lectin and I₀ the initial current). For detailed titration data, see Table S1. Experimental (hollow plots) and fitted (lines) Nyquist plots of SPEs in the absence (bare) and presence of (e) GO, GO-GA1, GO-GA1+PNA, and GO-GA1+Con A; (f) GO, GO-GA2, GO-GA2+PNA and GO-GA2+Con A. For circuit models used to fit these Nyquist plots, see Fig. S8. All experiments were performed in Tris-HCl (pH 7.0).