Table 4.
Association between Current Complaints and Current or Past Survey Deficiencies or Staffing Levels in North Carolina, 2002–2006
| Current or Past Survey Deficiencies and Staffing Levels | All | Substantiated | Nutrition | Pharmacy | Quality of Care | Residents' Rights | Administration | Environment | Physician | Financial |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable: LTC ombudsman complaints | ||||||||||
| Total deficiencies | 0.33 | 0.21 | 0.39 | 0.04 | 0.47 | −0.31 | 0.09 | 0.91 | 0.33 | −0.58 |
| Health deficiencies | 0.43 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.54 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.14 | 0.75 | −0.38 |
| Life deficiencies | −0.06 | −0.06 | 0.87 | −0.37 | 0.01 | −0.80 | −0.27 | 1.63 | −0.13 | −0.58 |
| RN per resident | 2.25* | 2.30* | 1.21 | 1.86 | 4.89** | −0.48 | 0.62 | 2.21* | 0.07 | −1.11 |
| LPN/LVN per resident | 3.42** | 4.04** | 2.82** | 2.52* | 5.57** | −0.27 | 1.22 | 2.10* | −0.40 | −1.73 |
| Aides per resident | 1.14 | 1.29 | 1.45 | 1.48 | 1.33 | 0.41 | 0.15 | 1.03 | 1.05 | −2.15* |
| Current or Past Survey Deficiencies and Staffing Levels | All | Substantiated | Nutrition | Pharmacy | Quality of Care | Residents' Rights | Administration | Environment | Mistreatment | G Level + Deficiency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable: DHSR complaints | ||||||||||
| Total deficiencies | 2.07* | 3.65** | 1.46 | 1.30 | 2.42* | 3.00** | 0.95 | 1.67 | 2.49* | 3.74** |
| Health deficiencies | 3.46** | 3.90** | 1.39 | 1.99* | 2.99** | 2.46* | 0.65 | 1.94 | 2.21* | 3.00** |
| Life deficiencies | 1.65 | 0.93 | 0.36 | −0.80 | −0.12 | 1.97* | 0.99 | 0.03 | 1.21 | 1.59 |
| RN per resident | 1.28 | 1.81 | −0.82 | −1.62 | 8.08** | −1.92 | 3.47** | −2.59** | −1.74 | 2.64** |
| LPN/LVN per resident | 2.55* | 5.94** | −1.14 | −0.55 | 9.70** | −1.65 | 4.53** | −2.31* | −0.46 | 5.72** |
| Aides per resident | 1.37 | 0.85 | −0.92 | −0.64 | 2.52* | −2.04* | 2.51* | −1.60 | 1.40 | 1.84 |
Each cell represents the z-value from a Poisson model that includes facility fixed effects and time fixed effects for each quarter in each year, where the z-value is based on the robust standard errors. The columns represent the dependent variable and the key explanatory variable is in the row. Other explanatory variables include all facility characteristics found in Table 2. n = 5,130 for the entire sample. However, the sample used to estimate each model only includes facilities with at least one nonzero value for the dependent variable over the 16 quarters examined.
Significance at the .05 level.
Significance at the .01 level.