Table 1.
Client Characteristics by Race/Ethnicity Using 2006–2009 Data
| Variables | African American (N = 4,650) | Latino (N = 8,572) | Non-Latino White (N = 3,415) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment completion* | |||
| Complete successfully | 8.6 | 10.6 | 14.1 |
| Incomplete (satisfactory or unsatisfactory progress) | 91.4 | 89.4 | 85.9 |
| Individual factors | |||
| Age (M, SD)* | 33.9 (15.1) | 26.1 (11.3) | 36.7 (13.8) |
| Male* | 64.4 | 69 | 64 |
| Level of education (M, SD)* | 10.7 (2.9) | 9.9 (2.8) | 11.2 (3.2) |
| Employment* | |||
| Not in the labor force | 26 | 24.3 | 12.9 |
| Full-time | 5.6 | 11.9 | 14.1 |
| Part-time | 4.5 | 7.4 | 8.4 |
| Unemployed (seeking) | 23.7 | 28.6 | 26.1 |
| Unemployed (not seeking) | 40.2 | 27.8 | 38.6 |
| Homeless* | 11.1 | 7.1 | 9.4 |
| Diagnosed with a mental disorder* | 21.3 | 8.8 | 31.8 |
| Age at first drug use (M, SD)* | 19.0 (8.5) | 17.4 (6.9) | 19.5 (8.4) |
| Days of primary drug use before admission(M, SD)* | 6.7 (9.8) | 5.4 (8.7) | 6.3 (9.4) |
| Primary drug problem* | |||
| Other | 3.1 | 2.8 | 3.2 |
| Heroin | 1.2 | 2.2 | 4.4 |
| Methamphetamine | 3.1 | 29.1 | 35.1 |
| Cocaine | 29.1 | 8.7 | 9.1 |
| Marijuana | 38.8 | 34.9 | 19.5 |
| Alcohol | 24.8 | 22.4 | 28.7 |
| Service and system factors | |||
| Number of days on waiting list (M, SD)* | 0.6 (3.5) | 1.0 (4.8) | 1.0 (4.7) |
| Treatment duration (M, SD) | 44.4 (37.9) | 44.9 (37.8) | 43.1 (37.0) |
| Principal referral source* | |||
| Self | 25 | 14.4 | 26.1 |
| Community | 24.9 | 30.7 | 20.6 |
| Proposition 36 | 26 | 27.8 | 30.3 |
| Drug court | 7.5 | 8.6 | 5.7 |
| Social services | 16.5 | 18.6 | 17.4 |
Note. Figures represent percentage unless otherwise noted.
*
Means or frequencies are different across racial/ethnic groups at p < .01.