Table 1.

Model Parameters across Simulation Scenarios

	Scenarios
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
V	1,500	1,500	1,500	1,500	1,500	1,500	1,500	1,500
βT	.2	.2	.2	.2	.2	.2	.2	.2
S	650	500	425	500	500	500	500	500
αM	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
αU1	200	100	50	100	100	100	100	100
αU3	200	100	50	100	100	100	100	100
αU4	200	100	50	100	100	100	100	100
Weight*	0	0	0	.1	.3	.5	.7	.9
(R2)†	.042	.168	.434	.289	.559	.691	.735	.750

^*The value used in equation (11) relating unmeasured covariate i to the measured confounder via:

where E_i is a uniform random variable (0,1).

^†Percentage of variation T explained by X_M in the propensity score equation (12).