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. 2013 Jul 23;13:677. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-677

Table 4.

Percentage distribution of colorectal cancer screening by domains of health belief model among men and women in Singapore

Statement
 Men
 P value
 Women
 P value
 
 (Screened for CRC)*
  
 (Screened for CRC)*
  
 
 n = 693
  
 n = 1050
  
  n     (%) n (%)  
Susceptibility
  
  
  
  
  
  
Worry sometimes/always about getting CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 71
 (35.3)
 0.014
 103
 (31.4)
 0.002
No
 130
 (26.0)
  
 170
 (22.7)
  
Some or high chance of developing CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 83
 (30.2)
 0.478
 98
 (28.0)
 0.161
No
 118
 (27.7)
  
 175
 (24.0)
  
Fated I will get CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 129
 (26.0)
 0.659
 79
 (26.0)
 0.169
No
 144
 (24.8)
  
 122
 (30.7)
  
Can prevent myself from getting CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 152
 (32.5)
 0.002
 171
 (25.5)
 0.848
No
 49
 (21.0)
  
 102
 (25.0)
  
Seriousness
  
  
  
  
  
  
CRC leads to suffering
  
  
  
  
  
  
Agree
 186
 (29.2)
 0.295
 237
 (24.6)
 0.134
Disagree
 15
 (23.1)
  
 36
 (31.0)
  
CRC leads to death
  
  
  
  
  
  
Agree
 176
 (29.1)
 0.496
 219
 (24.3)
 0.083
Disagree
 25
 (25.8)
  
 54
 (30.5)
  
CRC affects my family
  
  
  
  
  
  
Agree
 176
 (30.0)
 0.072
 235
 (25.6)
 0.620
Disagree
 25
 (21.7)
  
 38
 (23.8)
  
CRC affects my social life
  
  
  
  
  
  
Agree
 180
 (29.9)
 0.076
 229
 (25.1)
 0.630
Disagree
 21
 (21.2)
  
 44
 (26.8)
  
CRC is expensive to treat
  
  
  
  
  
  
Agree
 161
 (28.2)
 0.601
 228
 (25.1)
 0.672
Disagree
 40
 (30.5)
  
 45
 (26.6)
  
Benefit
  
  
  
  
  
  
CRC screening helps detect cancer early
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 186
 (29.5)
 0.158
 249
 (26.4)
 0.028
No
 15
 (21.4)
  
 24
 (17.6)
  
Cues
  
  
  
  
  
  
Attended public talk on CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 17
 (34.7)
 0.334
 40
 (38.8)
 0.001
No
 184
 (28.2)
  
 233
 (23.9)
  
Heard about CRC from TV/newspapers
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 156
 (30.9)
 0.632
 218
 (26.8)
 0.001
No
 45
 (28.7)
  
 55
 (20.8)
  
Heard of friends/relatives with CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 88
 (32.4)
 0.086
 139
 (30.1)
 0.002
No
 113
 (26.3)
  
 134
 (21.8)
  
Doctor recommended CRC screening to me
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 78
 (53.3)
 <0.001
 109
 (41.4)
 <0.001
No
 123
 (22.0)
  
 164
 (20.1)
  
Friends told me to go for CRC screening
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 38
 (46.9)
 <0.001
 69
 (35.9)
 <0.001
No
 163
 (26.3)
  
 204
 (23.0)
  
Family told me to go for CRC screening
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 47
 (43.9)
 <0.001
 80
 (34.5)
 <0.001
No
 154
 (25.9)
  
 193
 (22.8)
  
Family history of colorectal cancer
  
  
  
  
  
  
Yes
 10
 (27.8)
 0.899
 31
 (44.3)
 0.004
No
 191
 (28.8)
  
 243
 (24.1)
  
Barriers
  
  
  
  
  
  
I’m afraid to find out if I have CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disagree
 133
 (32.6)
 0.007
 145
 (29.0)
 0.01
Agree
 68
 (23.2)
  
 128
 (22.1)
  
I’d rather not know if I had CRC
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disagree
 137
 (32.2)
 0.01
 173
 (27.8)
 0.028
Agree
 64
 (23.2)
  
 100
 (21.9)
  
Colonoscopy is dangerous
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disagree
 136
 (33.9)
 <0.001
 174
 (31.4)
 <0.001
Agree
 65
 (21.7)
  
 99
 (18.9)
  
Colonoscopy is painful
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disagree
 106
 (44.5)
 <0.001
 106
 (37.9)
 <0.001
Agree
 95
 (20.5)
  
 167
 (20.9)
  
Colonoscopy is embarrassing
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disagree
 154
 (33.6)
 <0.001
 175
 (28.8)
 <0.001
Agree
 47
 (19.3)
  
 98
 (20.9)
  
Screening is expensive
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disagree
 49
 (39.2)
 0.004
 62
 (36.3)
 <0.001
Agree
 152
 (26.4)
  
 211
 (23.3)
  
Inconvenient to see doctor for CRC screening
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disagree
 135
 (32.0)
 0.017
 163
 (28.2)
 0.01
Agree 66 (23.7)   110 (22.0)  

*Excludes missing values.