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The impact of TGF-β1, IL-4, and IL-17A on 16-HBE proliferation. The cells were cultured overnight in serum-free medium for synchronization and then stimulated with TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml), or IL-4 (10 ng/ml), or IL-17A (10 ng/ml), or combined TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml), IL-4(10 ng/ml) and IL-17A (10 ng/ml) for 24 h. Cells cultured with 10% FCS were served as a positive control, while cells cultured in 1% FCS medium were used as a negative control.
