Figure 3.

Real-time PCR analysis of E-cadherin and α-SMA expression following TGF-β₁, IL-4 and IL-17A stimulation. The 16-HBE cells were serum-starved overnight and then stimulated with combined TGF-β₁, IL-4 and IL-17A cocktail (10 ng/ml for each) for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The cells were next harvested for analysis of mRNA levels for E-cadherin and α-SMA by Real-time RT-PCR as described. NAPDH was used for normalization. A. Relative expression levels for E-cadherin. B. Relative expression levels for α-SMA. The relative expression levels of target gene in the stimulated cells were presented as a ratio over control cells.