Table 1.

Summary of studies showing increased GERD after sleeve gastrectomy.

Study	Patients (n)	Evaluation of GERD	Preoperative GERD (%)	Postoperative GERD (%)	Follow-up (months)	Size of Bougie (Fr)
Arias et al. [37]	130	Symptom reporting	0	2.1 (n = 3)	24	40
Braghetto et al. [38]	167	Symptom reporting, manometry, 24-hour pH monitoring, and endoscopy	0	27.5 (n = 46)	Not reported	Not reported
Carter et al. [39]	176	Patient survey and symptom reporting	34.6	49% within 30 days 47.2% persisting more than 1 month	24	34
Himpens et al. [40]	40	Medication usage	20 (n = 8)	21.8% at 1 year (n = 7/32), 3.1% at 3 years (n = 1/32), 23% at 6 years	12, 36, and 72	34
Howard et al. [41]	28	Symptom reporting, medication usage, and UGI swallow	25 (n = 7)	39 (n = 11)	8–92 weeks	38
Lakdawala et al. [42]	50	Symptom reporting, and medication usage	5	9	12	36
Nocca et al. [43]	163	Symptom reporting	6.1 (n = 10)	11.8	24	36
Tai et al. [44]	67	Symptom reporting	12.1 (n = 8)	47 (n = 31, 5 persistent)	12	36