Table 4.
Associationsa Between Anthropometric Factors, Physical Activity, and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk by Histological Type in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort, 1995–2006
| Person- Years | Histological Type |
P for Heterogeneityb | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ductal |
Mucinous |
Tubular |
Lobular |
Mixed Ductal-Lobular |
|||||||||||||
| No. of Cases | HR | 95% CI | No. of Cases | HR | 95% CI | No. of Cases | HR | 95% CI | No. of Cases | HR | 95% CI | No. of Cases | HR | 95% CI | |||
| Height, mc | |||||||||||||||||
| ≤1.57 | 472,453 | 1,271 | 1 | Reference | 41 | 1 | Reference | 32 | 1 | Reference | 179 | 1 | Reference | 141 | 1 | Reference | 0.19 |
| >1.57–1.63 | 525,942 | 1,460 | 1.01 | 0.93, 1.09 | 70 | 1.58 | 1.06, 2.36 | 38 | 0.99 | 0.60, 1.62 | 229 | 1.14 | 0.93, 1.41 | 176 | 1.13 | 0.89, 1.43 | |
| >1.63–1.68 | 255,471 | 757 | 1.08 | 0.98, 1.19 | 30 | 1.25 | 0.76, 2.08 | 13 | 0.70 | 0.36, 1.37 | 143 | 1.48 | 1.18, 1.87 | 83 | 1.05 | 0.78, 1.41 | |
| >1.68 | 561,973 | 1,759 | 1.12 | 1.03, 1.21 | 71 | 1.42 | 0.94, 2.15 | 49 | 1.28 | 0.81, 2.04 | 271 | 1.19 | 0.97, 1.46 | 233 | 1.33 | 1.06, 1.67 | |
| P-trend | <0.01 | 0.26 | 0.32 | 0.05 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||
| Weight, kgd | |||||||||||||||||
| ≤60.8 | 445,164 | 1,167 | 1 | Reference | 34 | 1 | Reference | 42 | 1 | Reference | 180 | 1 | Reference | 137 | 1 | Reference | 0.20 |
| >60.8–68.1 | 373,457 | 1,045 | 1.11 | 1.01, 1.21 | 46 | 1.65 | 1.04, 2.62 | 30 | 0.94 | 0.58, 1.52 | 163 | 1.04 | 0.83, 1.30 | 139 | 1.31 | 1.02, 1.69 | |
| >68.1–79.5 | 542,944 | 1,568 | 1.14 | 1.05, 1.24 | 59 | 1.44 | 0.92, 2.24 | 37 | 0.86 | 0.54, 1.36 | 260 | 1.20 | 0.98, 1.48 | 195 | 1.43 | 1.13, 1.80 | |
| >79.5 | 416,573 | 1,373 | 1.41 | 1.29, 1.53 | 66 | 2.16 | 1.38, 3.39 | 21 | 0.73 | 0.41, 1.28 | 207 | 1.53 | 1.23, 1.90 | 142 | 1.39 | 1.07, 1.80 | |
| P-trend | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.26 | <0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||
| Weight among MHT never users, kgd | |||||||||||||||||
| ≤60.8 | 180,343 | 382 | 1 | Reference | 9 | 1 | Reference | 7 | 1 | Reference | 52 | 1 | Reference | 35 | 1 | Reference | 0.44 |
| >60.8–68.1 | 158,257 | 374 | 1.11 | 0.95, 1.29 | 15 | 1.95 | 0.82, 4.65 | 5 | 0.95 | 0.29, 3.10 | 64 | 1.10 | 0.74, 1.63 | 43 | 1.57 | 0.97, 2.57 | |
| >68.1–79.5 | 247,739 | 659 | 1.24 | 1.08, 1.41 | 22 | 1.82 | 0.80, 4.13 | 7 | 0.91 | 0.30, 2.73 | 111 | 1.38 | 0.98, 1.94 | 84 | 2.08 | 1.35, 3.22 | |
| >79.5 | 223,013 | 709 | 1.52 | 1.32, 1.74 | 37 | 3.18 | 1.44, 7.01 | 11 | 1.49 | 0.51, 4.33 | 114 | 1.83 | 1.30, 2.58 | 70 | 1.82 | 1.15, 2.88 | |
| P-trend | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.49 | <0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||
| BMIe | |||||||||||||||||
| <18.5 | 23,325 | 50 | 0.71 | 0.52, 0.97 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 0.56 | 0.21, 1.50 | 0.36 | ||||||
| 18.5–<25 | 761,112 | 2,112 | 1 | Reference | 74 | 1 | Reference | 66 | 1 | Reference | 347 | 1 | Reference | 263 | 1 | Reference | |
| 25–<30 | 584,455 | 1,700 | 1.10 | 1.03, 1.18 | 67 | 1.12 | 0.78, 1.59 | 42 | 0.97 | 0.65, 1.45 | 275 | 1.12 | 0.94, 1.32 | 214 | 1.27 | 1.05, 1.54 | |
| ≥30 | 404,976 | 1,275 | 1.29 | 1.19, 1.39 | 63 | 1.74 | 1.20, 2.52 | 19 | 0.72 | 0.41, 1.26 | 180 | 1.23 | 1.01, 1.51 | 134 | 1.18 | 0.94, 1.50 | |
| P-trend | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.29 | 0.01 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||
| BMI among MHT never users | |||||||||||||||||
| <18.5 | 10,720 | 20 | 0.77 | 0.47, 1.27 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0.63 | ||||||||
| 18.5–<25 | 304,906 | 670 | 1 | Reference | 20 | 1 | Reference | 10 | 1 | Reference | 112 | 1 | Reference | 75 | 1 | Reference | |
| 25–<30 | 269,877 | 738 | 1.25 | 1.12, 1.40 | 25 | 1.32 | 0.71, 2.48 | 10 | 1.37 | 0.55, 3.39 | 120 | 1.24 | 0.94, 1.64 | 88 | 1.47 | 1.05, 2.04 | |
| ≥30 | 221,071 | 685 | 1.46 | 1.30, 1.65 | 38 | 2.60 | 1.44, 4.71 | 9 | 1.35 | 0.48, 3.80 | 107 | 1.49 | 1.11, 2.01 | 68 | 1.28 | 0.88, 1.86 | |
| P-trend | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.74 | <0.01 | 0.13 | ||||||||||||
| Frequency of vigorous physical activity | |||||||||||||||||
| Never/rarely | 407,016 | 1,219 | 1 | Reference | 39 | 1 | Reference | 31 | 1 | Reference | 177 | 1 | Reference | 145 | 1 | Reference | 0.14 |
| 1–3 times/ month | 261,760 | 760 | 0.94 | 0.85, 1.04 | 20 | 1.03 | 0.58, 1.82 | 19 | 0.92 | 0.50, 1.68 | 133 | 1.16 | 0.91, 1.48 | 84 | 0.85 | 0.63, 1.13 | |
| 1–2 times/ week | 385,734 | 1,117 | 0.95 | 0.87, 1.03 | 66 | 1.96 | 1.26, 3.05 | 28 | 0.93 | 0.54, 1.59 | 175 | 1.03 | 0.82, 1.29 | 129 | 0.87 | 0.68, 1.13 | |
| 3–4 times/ week | 462,780 | 1,329 | 0.93 | 0.85, 1.01 | 62 | 1.72 | 1.10, 2.68 | 38 | 0.88 | 0.52, 1.48 | 213 | 1.03 | 0.83, 1.29 | 170 | 0.90 | 0.71, 1.15 | |
| ≥5 times/ week | 302,101 | 842 | 0.90 | 0.82, 0.99 | 28 | 1.11 | 0.64, 1.91 | 15 | 0.58 | 0.30, 1.11 | 126 | 0.90 | 0.70, 1.16 | 106 | 0.89 | 0.68, 1.18 | |
| P-trend | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.37 | 0.53 | ||||||||||||
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MHT, menopausal hormone therapy; NIH, National Institutes of Health.
a Estimates were adjusted for age at baseline, education, race, marital status, age at menarche, parity/age at first birth, type of and age at menopause, menopausal hormone use, oral contraceptive use, alcohol use, family history of breast cancer (first-degree relative), number of previous breast biopsies, and all other variables in the table, except where noted. Associations are not shown for comparisons involving fewer than 5 cases.
b Two-sided P value from the Wald test, simultaneously comparing associations for ductal, mucinous, tubular, lobular, and mixed ductal-lobular types.
c Not adjusted for weight or BMI.
d Not adjusted for height or BMI.
e Weight (kg)/height (m)2.