Table 5.
Segment subscale characteristics: all studies combined (n = 516 segment reliability pairs with complete sidewalk data)
| Subscale | # items (range) | Sample items* and overall subscale descriptions | Mean (SD) | ICC, % agreement | Range of item ICC or Kappa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive Subscales |
|
|
|
|
|
| Building Height and Setbacks |
3 (0–4) |
Smallest and largest setbacks and building height |
1.31 (.644) |
.370, 69.0% |
.522-.764 |
| Building Height: Road Width and Setback Ratio |
3 (0–3) |
Smallest and largest setbacks, building height, and road width |
.103 (.457) |
.614, 97.1% |
n/a |
| Sidewalk Positive Qualities |
3 (2–3) |
Sidewalk presence and width |
2.23 (.419) |
.555, 84.6% |
.489-1.00 |
| Buffers |
2 (0–2) |
Buffer presence and width |
.826 (.941) |
.912, 93.0% |
.882-.919 |
| Bicycle Infrastructure |
2 (0–3) |
Marked bicycle lane, signage |
.200 (.706) |
.855, 95.4% |
.676-.791 |
| Building Aesthetics and Design |
4 (0–7) |
Street-level windows, building colors and materials |
3.85 (1.81) |
.705, 38.0% |
.549 - .629 |
| Trees |
3 (0–5) |
Number and spacing of trees, percent of sidewalk shaded |
2.15 (2.08) |
.744, 51.2% |
.540-.737 |
| Informal Path (single item) |
1 (0–1) |
Is there an informal path (shortcut) which connects to something else? |
n/a |
.554 (K), 91.1% |
n/a |
| Overall Positive |
7 subscales plus 1 item (3–22) |
Sum of subscales: building height and setbacks, sidewalk positive qualities, buffers, bike infrastructure, building aesthetics and design, trees, plus item: cul-de-sac connectivity |
10.78 (3.29) |
.752, 25.4% |
See above |
| Negative Subscales |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sidewalk Negative Qualities |
5 (0–4) |
Trip hazards, obstructions in the sidewalk |
1.09 (1.02) |
.675, 55.5% |
.494-.796 |
| Sidewalk Steepness (children/teens) |
3 (0–5) |
Slope, cross-slope (steeper slope acceptable for children) |
1.09 (1.01) |
.596, 60.1% |
.503- .775 |
| Sidewalk Steepness (seniors) |
3 (0–7) |
Slope, cross-slope (less steep slope acceptable for seniors) |
2.18 (1.64) |
.633, 42.4% |
.502- .746 |
| Overall Negative Subscale (Child/Teen) |
2 subscales (0–7) |
Sum of subscales: Sidewalk negative qualities, sidewalk steepness (children/teens), building height: road width and setback ratio, negative street design/width |
2.18 (1.63) |
.693, 42.4% |
See above |
| Overall Negative Subscale (Senior) |
2 subscales (0–9) |
Sum of subscales: Sidewalk negative qualities, sidewalk steepness (seniors), building height: road width and setback ratio, negative street design/width |
3.27 (2.01) |
.689, 33.4% |
See above |
| Overall Subscales |
|
|
|
|
|
| Overall Segments Score (Child/Teen) |
2 (−1 -19) |
Overall Positive – Overall Negative subscales (child/teen) |
8.58 (3.43) |
.753, 24.0% |
See above |
| Overall Segments Score (Senior) | 2 (−2 -19) | Overall Positive – Overall Negative subscales (senior) | 7.49 (3.66) | .758, 22.8% | See above |
*All item reliabilities can be found at: http://sallis.ucsd.edu.