Table 1.
Antimicrobial resistance pattern among isolates from surgical site infections
| Antibiotics |
Bacteria isolates (N = 304) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E.coli (n = 72) | Klebsiella spp (n = 39) | Acinetobacter spp (n = 52) | P.aeruginosa (n = 12) | Other g- (n = 34) | S. aureus (n = 64) | Enterococcus spp (n = 23) | Other g + (n = 08) | |
|
Ampicillin |
100.0% |
100.0% |
NA |
NA |
97.1% |
100.0% |
30.0% |
50.0% |
|
Piperacillin |
NA |
NA |
100.0% |
66.7% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
TZP* |
30.6% |
38.5% |
53.8% |
16.7% |
32.4% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
AMC+ |
90.3% |
100.0% |
NA |
NA |
94.1% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
TMP-SMX × |
86.1% |
92.3% |
98.0% |
100.0% |
94.1% |
89.1% |
NA |
80.0% |
|
Tetracycline |
72.2% |
76.9% |
65.4% |
100.0% |
82.4% |
42.2% |
74.0% |
62.5% |
|
Ciprofloxacin |
72.2% |
66.6% |
77.0% |
16.7% |
47.1% |
29.7% |
60.9% |
50.0% |
|
Chloramphenicol |
41.7% |
71.8% |
NA |
NA |
70.6% |
15.6% |
30.4% |
37.5% |
|
Gentamicin |
54.2% |
76.9% |
88.5% |
16.7% |
76.5% |
18.8% |
21.7%** |
50.0% |
|
Amikacin |
4.2% |
2.6% |
32.7% |
8.3% |
0.0% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Ceftriaxone |
77.8% |
92.3% |
NA |
NA |
67.6% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Ceftazidime |
77.8% |
87.2% |
90.4% |
25.0% |
61.8% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Cefepime |
69.4% |
87.2% |
61.5% |
16.7% |
38.2% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Imipenem |
0.0% |
0.0% |
3.9% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
Erythromycin |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
46.9 % |
65.2% |
50.0% |
|
Clindamycin |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
40.6% |
NA |
62.5% |
| Vancomycin | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.0% | 4.4% | 0.0% |
*Piperacillin-tazobactam, +Amoxicillin-clavulanate, ×Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, ** High level resistance screening, NA: Not applicable, spp: species, g+: Gram-positive bacteria [Streptococcus pyogenes (3), Streptococcus agalactiae (1), and Streptococcus spp (4)] and g-: Gram-negative bacteria [Enterobacter cloacae (10), Proteus mirabilis (7), Morganella morganii (6), Providencia spp (5), Citrobacter freundii (4), Serratia marcescens (1) and Leclercia adecarboxylata (1)].