Table 5.
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between calcium and risk of GI cancer, stratified by overweight (BMI</≥25 kg/m2) in sub-cohort with baseline measurements of BMI
|
Not Overweight (N = 24,511) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Oesophageal cancer |
Stomach cancer |
Colon cancer |
Rectal cancer |
Colorectal cancer |
|||||
| n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | n | HR (95% CI) | |
|
Calcium (SD: 0.10 mmol/L) |
2.02 (1.33-3.07) |
|
0.81 (0.57-1.14) |
|
1.01 (0.84-1.21) |
|
1.10 (0.88-1.38) |
|
1.04 (0.91-1.21) |
|
|
Quartiles of calcium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| < 2.32 |
3 |
1.00 (Ref) |
13 |
1.00 (Ref) |
34 |
1.00 (Ref) |
18 |
1.00 (Ref) |
52 |
1.00 (Ref) |
| 2.32-2.38 |
3 |
1.04 (0.20-5.30) |
11 |
0.67 (0.28-1.51) |
42 |
1.08 (0.68-1.71) |
28 |
1.72 (0.72-2.38) |
70 |
1.05 (0.91-1.21) |
| 2.38-2.45 |
4 |
1.86 (0.39-8.87) |
7 |
0.53 (0.20-1.37) |
33 |
1.07 (0.65-1.75) |
30 |
1.74 (0.95-3.20 |
63 |
1.15 (0.87-1.52) |
| ≥ 2.45 |
7 |
3.28 (0.73-14.71) |
9 |
0.58 (0.23-1.47) |
32 |
0.91 (0.54-1.55) |
20 |
1.03 (0.52-2.04) |
52 |
0.57 (0.34-0.96) |
| P-value for trend |
|
0.07 |
|
0.21 |
|
0.73 |
|
0.74 |
|
0.95 |
|
Albumin-corrected calcium1 |
1.93 (1.32-2.82) |
|
1.03 (0.61-1.14) |
|
1.02 (0.86-1.21) |
|
1.10 (0.90-1.35) |
|
1.05 (0.93-1.20) |
|
| (SD: 0.09 mmol/L) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quartiles of albumin-corrected calcium1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
| < 2.27 |
2 |
1.00 (Ref) |
8 |
1.00 (Ref) |
23 |
1.00 (Ref) |
16 |
1.00 (Ref) |
39 |
1.00 (Ref) |
| 2.27-2.33 |
2 |
0.90 (0.13-6.84) |
10 |
1.08 (0.42-2.73) |
31 |
1.20 (0.70-2.05) |
19 |
1.03 (0.53-2.00) |
50 |
1.13 (0.74-1.71) |
| 2.33-2.39 |
3 |
1.06 (0.18-6.37) |
12 |
1.04 (0.42-2.55) |
42 |
1.30 (0.78-2.16) |
29 |
1.26 (0.68-2.33) |
71 |
1.28 (0.87-1.90) |
| ≥ 2.39 |
10 |
2.94 (0.64-13.65) |
10 |
0.71 (0.28-1.80) |
45 |
1.12 (0.67-1.86) |
32 |
1.14 (0.62-2.09) |
87 |
1.13 (0.76-1.66) |
| P-value for trend |
|
0.07 |
|
0.42 |
|
0.72 |
|
0.58 |
|
0.53 |
| Overweight (N = 38,517) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Calcium (SD: 0.10 mmol/L) |
0.69 (0.38-1.28) |
|
1.04 (0.74-1.46) |
|
0.97 (0.81-1.16) |
|
0.98 (0.77-1.25) |
|
0.97 (0.84-1.13) |
|
|
Quartiles of calcium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| < 2.31 |
5 |
1.00 (Ref) |
11 |
1.00 (Ref) |
35 |
1.00 (Ref) |
18 |
1.00 (Ref) |
53 |
1.00 (Ref) |
| 2.31-2.37 |
3 |
0.61 (0.14-2.61) |
8 |
0.66 (0.26-1.65) |
35 |
0.85 (0.53-1.37) |
22 |
1.01 (0.54-1.90) |
57 |
0.91 (0.60-1.32) |
| 2.37-2.44 |
1 |
0.27 (0.03-2.36) |
11 |
1.08 (0.45-2.58) |
39 |
1.09 (0.68-1.75) |
16 |
0.82 (0.41-1.64) |
55 |
0.99 (0.67-1.47) |
| ≥ 2.44 |
3 |
1.00 (0.21-4.78) |
9 |
1.00 (0.38-2.60) |
28 |
0.83 (0.48-1.42) |
21 |
1.09 (0.55-2.17) |
49 |
0.92 (0.61-1.41) |
| P-value for trend |
|
0.72 |
|
0.52 |
|
0.76 |
|
0.94 |
|
0.85 |
|
Albumin-corrected calcium1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (SD: 0.09 mmol/L) |
|
0.77 (0.44-1.35) |
|
1.06 (0.78-1.45) |
|
0.99 (0.84-1.17) |
|
0.99 (0.79-1.23) |
|
0.99 (0.86-1.13) |
|
Quartiles of albumin-corrected calcium1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
| < 2.27 |
3 |
1.00 (Ref) |
8 |
1.00 (Ref) |
24 |
1.00 (Ref) |
15 |
1.00 (Ref) |
39 |
1.00 (Ref) |
| 2.27-2.33 |
3 |
0.77 (0.15-3.82) |
7 |
0.65 (0.24-1.79) |
31 |
0.94 (0.55-1.60) |
15 |
0.72 (0.35-1.48) |
46 |
0.85 (0.56-1.31) |
| 2.33-2.39 |
3 |
0.73 (0.15-3.65) |
9 |
0.81 (0.31-2.10) |
43 |
1.26 (0.76-2.08) |
23 |
1.08 (0.56-2.08) |
66 |
1/13 (0.80-1.77) |
| ≥ 2.39 |
3 |
0.65 (0.13-3.29) |
15 |
1.15 (0.48-2.75) |
39 |
0.95 (0.57-1.59) |
24 |
0.92 (0.48-1.77) |
63 |
0.94 (0.63-1.41) |
| P-value for trend | 0.62 | 0.52 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.83 | |||||
All models are adjusted for age, sex, SES, albumin (continuous), and Charlson Comorbidity Index.
1 Not adjusted for albumin.