Figure 3.

qRT-PCR analysis of genes associated with chloroplast biogenesis in the wild type (WT) and the vyl mutant. The relative expression level of each gene in the L4 and L3U sections of wild-type and vyl mutant seedlings (where chloroplasts are in the second and third developmental stages, respectively) were analyzed by qRT-PCR and normalized using the Ubiquitin gene as an internal control. Data are means ± sd (n = 3). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences compared with the wild type at P < 0.05 by Student’s t test.