Figure 9.

Subcellular localization of VYL proteins in rice protoplasts. A, Diagrams of the wild-type VYL, ΔVYL mutant, OsClpP3, and OsClpP4 proteins. aa, Amino acids; cTP, chloroplast-targeting peptide. B to D, GFP signals of VYL-GFP fusion proteins localized in the chloroplasts of rice protoplasts. E to G, GFP signals of ΔVYL-GFP fusion proteins localized in the chloroplasts of rice protoplasts. H to J, GFP signals of OsClpP3-GFP fusion proteins localized in the chloroplasts of rice protoplasts. K to M, GFP signals of OsClpP4-GFP fusion proteins localized in the chloroplasts of rice protoplasts. Fluorescence signals were visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Green fluorescence shows GFP, red fluorescence indicates chloroplast autofluorescence, and yellow fluorescence indicates images with the two types of fluorescence merged. Bars = 7.5 μm in B to D and 5 μm in E to M.