. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Pharmacotherapy. 2013 May 3;33(8):798–811. doi: 10.1002/phar.1275

Table 1.

Constructs and Data Sources for Developing an Adherence Risk Prediction Tool

Construct	Source	Description of Candidate Items
Sociodemographics and other risk factors	CoSMO survey ⁸	13 questions assessing sociodemographics (age, sex, race, education, and marital status) and patient risk factors including clinical characteristics, smoking status, alcohol use, and use of the health care system.
Social Support	RAND Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Survey ²²	19 questions assessing various functional dimensions of social support including emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, and positive interaction.
Functional Status and Quality of Life	RAND Medical Outcomes Study 36-item (MOS SF-36) ²³	36 questions assessing eight health concepts: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health problems, role limitations due to mental health problems, bodily pain, general health perception, vitality, social
Lifestyle Modifications	National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) ²⁷.	4 questions assessing specific actions patients take to lower their blood pressure such as weight control, salt reduction, and fruit and vegetable consumption.
Patients’ use of complementary and alternative therapies	Use of Complementary and Alternative Therapies Survey ²⁹	4 multipart questions assessing the use of complementary or alternative therapies including general use, health food and herbal supplements, and relaxation techniques to help control blood pressure.
Depressive symptoms	National Institute of Mental Health Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) ²¹	20 questions assessing depressive affect, somatic symptoms, positive affect, and interpersonal relations.
Perceived stress	Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4) ²⁵	4 questions assessing how often patients have felt psychological stress in the last month.
Medication adherence self-efficacy	Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale ²⁶	12 questions for patients to rate how sure they are that they can take their blood pressure medication all of the time in certain situations.
Self-reported adherence behavior	Hill-Bone Compliance Scale ⁹	9 questions assessing patients’ medication-taking behavior for high blood pressure therapy.