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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Differentiation. 2011 Jun 30;82(0):168–172. doi: 10.1016/j.diff.2011.04.002

Table 1. Mesenchymal Effects On Epithelial Development In Male And Female Urogenital Tracts.

Mesenchymal Effect Reference
Induces epithelial morphogenesis (Cunha et al., 1983a; Cunha, 1976)
Specifies epithelial cytodifferentiation (Cunha et al., 1983a; Cunha, 1976)
Specifies epithelial hormone receptor profile (Cunha et al., 1980c; Kurita et al., 2001a)
Species epithelial secretory protein expression (Donjacour and Cunha, 1993; Donjacour and Cunha, 1995; Hayashi et al., 1993; Higgins et al., 1989)
Specifies epithelial cytokeratin profile (Kurita et al., 2001a)
Specifies epithelial heparan sulfate expression (Boutin et al., 1989)
Induces epithelial expression of Nkx3.1 (Bhatia-Gaur et al., 1999)
Determines epithelial expression of Hox genes (Pavlova et al., 1994)
Specifies epithelial regulation of steroid hormone receptors (Kurita et al., 2001b; Kurita et al., 2000)
Determines hormonal regulation of epithelial proliferation (Sugimura et al., 1986b)
Induces prostatic ductal elongation (Norman et al., 1986)
Regulates epithelial apoptosis (Kurita et al., 2001c)
Promotes carcinogenic progression (Olumi et al., 1999; Ricke et al., 2006)
Specifies expression of p63 (Kurita and Cunha, 2001)