Table 2. Selected Socio-Demographic and Risk Characteristics and Associations With Prevalent and Incident STI Among 130 High-Risk Women Participating in the Young Women's Health Study in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| Prevalent STI | Incident STI* | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Characteristic | N/Median | %/IQR | OR (95% CI) | N/Median (IQR) | PY | Incidence/100 py (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
| Overall | 20 | 15.4 | 14 | 66.0 | 21.2 (12.6–35.8) | |||
| Age (yr) | 22 (20–27) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0)¶ | 24.5 (23–27) | |||||
| 16–18 | 1 | 10.0 | 1.0 | 0 | 6.1 | 0 | ||
| 19–24 | 11 | 21.6 | 2.5 (0.3–21.7) | 7 | 27.2 | 25.8 (12.3–54.1) | 1.0 | |
| 25–29 | 8 | 11.6 | 1.2 (0.1–10.6) | 7 | 33.0 | 21.2 (10.1–44.5) | 1.2 (0.5–3.2) | |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Never married | 7 | 15.2 | 1.0 | 3 | 20.7 | 14.5 (4.7–45.0) | 1.0 | |
| Married—living together | 8 | 25.8 | 1.9 (0.6–6.0) | 5 | 16.0 | 31.3 (13.0–75.1) | 2.2 (0.6–8.4) | |
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 5 | 9.4 | 0.6 (0.2–2.0) | 6 | 29.6 | 20.3 (9.1–45.1) | 1.3 (0.3–4.9) | |
| Education | ||||||||
| None | 5 | 9.1 | 1.0 | 6 | 26.7 | 22.5 (10.1–50.1) | 1.0 | |
| Primary (1–6 yr) | 13 | 21.0 | 2.7 (0.9–8.0) | 8 | 33.6 | 23.8 (11.9–47.7) | 1.1 (0.4–2.8) | |
| Secondary (7 + yr) | 2 | 15.4 | 1.8 (0.3–10.6) | 0 | 6.1 | 0 | — | |
| Type of SW venue (last 30 d) | ||||||||
| Entertainment | 5 | 12.2 | 1.0 | 2 | 25.7 | 7.8 (1.9–31.1) | 1.0 | |
| Brothel | 2 | 15.4 | 1.3 (0.2–7.7) | 0 | 1.8 | 0 | — | |
| Freelance | 9 | 18.0 | 1.6 (0.5–5.2) | 11 | 26.8 | 26.8 (22.7–74.2) | 5.0 (1.2–20.9)† | |
| Multiple | 4 | 15.4 | 1.3 (0.3–5.4) | 1 | 12.0 | 12.0 (1.2–58.9) | 1.2 (0.1–12.3) | |
| Length of employment as SW (yr) | 3.9 (2.0–6.7) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1)¶ | 5.1 (4.1–9.4) | 40.4 | 29.7 (16.9–52.3)‡ | 1.1 (1.1–1.2)§¶ | ||
| Have a manager, boss, or supervisor | ||||||||
| No | 11 | 15.5 | 1.0 | 12 | 38.5 | 31.2 (17.7–55.0) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 9 | 15.3 | 1.0 (0.4–2.6) | 2 | 27.8 | 7.2 (1.8–28.7) | 0.2 (0.1–0.9)† | |
| Age at first sex | ||||||||
| ≤15 | 4 | 15.4 | 1.0 | 4 | 11.8 | 34.0 (12.8–90.6) | 1.0 | |
| >15 | 16 | 15.5 | 1.0 (0.3–3.3) | 10 | 53.8 | 18.6 (10.0–34.5) | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | |
| No. sex partners in last 30 d | 25 (7–55) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0)¶ | 32.5 (6–53) | |||||
| ≤10 | 6 | 14.3 | 1.0 | 3 | 32.3 | 9.3 (3.0–28.7) | 1.0 | |
| 11–50 | 8 | 21.6 | 1.7 (0.5–5.3) | 8 | 23.6 | 33.9 (17.0–67.8) | 3.0 (0.8–10.8) | |
| >50 | 6 | 11.8 | 0.8 (0.2–2.7) | 3 | 10.4 | 29.0 (9.3–89.8) | 2.1 (0.4–10.1) | |
| Condom use with last paying partner | ||||||||
| Consistent (always) | 10 | 11.6 | 1.0 | 9 | 43.1 | 20.9 (10.9–40.2) | 1.0 | |
| Inconsistent | 3 | 25.0 | 2.5 (0.6–10.9) | 0 | 5.0 | 0 | — | |
| Condom use with last non-paying partner | ||||||||
| Consistent (always) | 2 | 28.6 | 1.0 | 2 | 4.4 | 45.0 (11.2–100.0) | 1.0 | |
| Inconsistent | 5 | 20.8 | 0.7 (0.1–4.5) | 3 | 11.9 | 25.3 (8.2–78.0.4) | 0.4 (0.1–2.2) | |
| Ever tested for HIV | ||||||||
| No | 6 | 14.0 | 1.0 | 1 | 24.1 | 4.2 (0.6–29.5) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 14 | 16.3 | 1.2 (0.4–3.4) | 13 | 41.5 | 31.3 (18.2–53.9) | 6.9 (0.9–51.6) | |
| No. days drunk (last month) | 1.5 (1–22) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1)¶ | 3 (0.5–27.5) | |||||
| 0–4 | 16 | 17.0 | 1.0 | 11 | 47.5 | 23.2 (12.8–41.8) | 1.0 | |
| 5–19 | 0 | 0.0 | — | 1 | 8.1 | 12.4 (1.7–87.7) | 0.5 (0.1–3.5) | |
| >20 | 4 | 18.2 | 1.1 (0.3–3.6) | 2 | 10.7 | 18.6 (4.7–74.5) | 0.8 (0.2–3.5) | |
| Yama use last 3 mo | ||||||||
| No | 14 | 14.9 | 1.0 | 8 | 57.0 | 14.0 (7.0–28.1) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 6 | 16.7 | 1.1 (0.4–3.2) | 6 | 9.3 | 64.5 (29.0–100.0) | 3.8 (1.5–9.6)§ | |
| Crystal use last 3 mo | ||||||||
| No | 16 | 15.8 | 1.0 | 10 | 55.6 | 18.0 (9.7–33.4) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 4 | 13.8 | 0.9 (0.3–2.8) | 4 | 10.6 | 38.0 (14.1–100.0) | 2.1 (0.8–5.8) | |
| Ever used any drug prior during sex | ||||||||
| No | 13 | 14.1 | 1.0 | 7 | 48.2 | 14.5 (6.9–30.5) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 7 | 18.4 | 1.4 (0.5–3.8) | 7 | 18.1 | 38.7 (18.4–81.1) | 2.5 (0.9–6.6) | |
*
Incident STI was assessed in participants who were followed (n = 94).
†
P ≤ 0.05.
‡
Length of employment comparison made between greater than 30 months versus less than 30 months.
§
P ≤ 0.01.
¶
Variable use as continuous.
STI indicates sexually transmitted; IQR, interquartile range; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; PY, person years; HR, hazard ratio; SW, sex worker; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.