Table 3– Secretion of inflammatory mediators into the supernatant of 2 h-infected A549 cells at 6 h post-infection.
| Soluble mediators pg·mL−1 | Mock | TTMV-LY1 | TTMV-LY2 | TTMV-LY3 |
| Pro-inflammatory cytokines | ||||
| IFN-γ | 4.5±3.0 | 20.5±4.9 | 7.8±2.7 | 7.2±0.8 |
| IL-2 | 26.6±5.2 | 51.3±6.8 | 32.3±2.4 | 33.4±1.2* |
| IL-12 (p40) | 16.6±4.2 | 36.3±4.9* | 22.2±1.0* | 22.3±1.1* |
| IL-12 (p70) | 10.2±1.8 | 20.9±2.1* | 10.1±0.8 | 10.6±0.6 |
| Anti-inflammatory cytokines | ||||
| IL-10 | 54.8±4.9 | 95.7±5.4* | 60.2±1.2 | 55.3±0.9 |
| IL-13 | 82.0±6.1 | 120.2±1.3* | 94.6±1.2* | 89.2±3.8 |
| Chemotactic cytokines | ||||
| RANTES | 28.1±0.1 | 67.7±12.4* | 71.6±14.2* | 33.1±2.4 |
| MIP-1β | 43.4±1.9 | 67.9±0.4** | 43.5±2.7 | 44.2±2.6 |
| MCP-1 | 868±197 | 1271±48 | 2108±524 | 1610±550 |
| Growth factors | ||||
| G-CSF | 55.5±3.6 | 176.2±38.1* | 58.1±1.7 | 58.5±4.0 |
| GM-CSF | 30.9±7.5 | 56.9±1.0* | 44.1±2.7 | 40.0±5.9 |
| IL-7 | 37.8±6.5 | 77.8±7.1* | 41.1±1.1 | 39.2±1.3 |
| VEGF | 156.5±20.0 | 218.6±13.5 | 254.6±32.8* | 220.9±42.3 |
Data are expressed as mean±sd. Experiments were performed twice in duplicate. TTMV-LY: torque teno mini virus isolates; IFN: interferon; IL: interleukin; MIP: macrophage inflammatory protein; MCP: monocyte chemoattractant protein; G-CSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor. Bold type indicates a trend towards statistical significance. *: statistically different from mock at p<0.05 (t-test); **: statistically different from mock at p<0.01 (t-test).