Table 1.

Pharmacokinetic parameters of CsA control (alone) and coadministered with Nigella sativa (mean ± SEM, n = 5).

Parameters	CsA alone (mean ± SEM)	With Nigella sativa (mean ± SEM)
a C max (ng/mL)	1597.15 ± 168.54	1177.94 ± 168.24*
b T max (hr)	1.20 ± 0.11	1.88 ± 0.43
cAUC0–24 (ng·hr/mL)	8378.37 ± 430.92	5809.81 ± 1217.46*
dAUC0–∞ (ng·hr/mL)	9202.32 ± 522.10	5893.04 ± 1267.95*
eKel (hr−1)	0.24 ± 0.04	0.24 ± 0.02
f T 1/2 (hr)	3.28 ± 0.48	2.96 ± 0.22
gCL (L/Kg)	3.32 ± 0.20	6.27 ± 1.92*
hMRT (hr)	4.69 ± 0.37	4.62 ± 0.36

*Significant difference from “CsA alone” group with t-test,*P ≤ 0.05, ^amaximum blood concentration, ^btime of peak concentration, ^carea under the concentration time profile curve until last observation, ^darea under the concentration time profile curve from time 0 to infinity, ^eelimination rate constant, ^fhalf-life, ^gTotalclearance, and ^hmean residence time (MRT).