A/Ncr mice were intranasally infected with 5 plaque-forming units of ectromelia virus and treated with CMX001 at 5 days post-infection. The loading dose remained constant at 20 mg/kg at 5 days post-infection. The maintenance dose was administered every other day after the loading dose at 2.5, 1.25, 0.63 or 0.31 mg/kg. Control mice were either uninfected and untreated (No virus, no treat), treated with a 20 mg/kg loading dose on the day of infection followed by a 2.5 mg/kg maintenance dose every other day (2.5 mg/kg d0) or uninfected and treated with 20 mg/kg followed by a 2.5 mg/kg maintenance dose every other day (No virus, 2.5 mg/kg d5). Untreated infected mice were dosed with saline on day 5 (Saline d5) followed by every-other-day dosing of saline. Mice were monitored for (A) mortality and (B) weight loss for day 42 post-infection. (C) Viral DNA levels and (D) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were monitored in blood samples taken at day 5, 7, 9 and 11 post-infection.