Table 2.

Regression analysis: Influence of childhood abuse, internalizing and externalizing disorders on parental abuse.

	Unstandardized Coefficients		F		95% Confidence Interval for Unstandard B		Correlation
	B	Std. Error		p-value	Low	Upper	Partial
Step 1
F(4,4114)=10.5, p. <.001
Age	.001	.001	1.93	.165	−.001	.003	.022
Sex	−.174	.032	30.03	<.001	−.236	−.111	−.085
Education	−.017	.007	6.4	.011	−.030	−.004	−.039
Household Income	.00001	<0.01	.02	.89	.000	.000	−.002
Step 2
F(7,4111)=8.6, p. <.001
Raised by Biological Mother	.120	.059	4.16	.041	.005	.235	.032
Raised by Biological Father	−.011	.043	.06	.802	−.094	.073	−.004
Child Welfare	−.196	.054	13.09	<.001	−.303	−.090	−.056
Step 3
F(11,4107)=6.9, p. <.001
Participant’s Mothers Internalizing Disorders	.010	.008	1.39	.239	−.006	.026	.018
Participant’s Mothers Externalizing Disorders	.013	.017	.56	.455	−.021	.046	.012
Participant’s Fathers Internalizing Disorders	.002	.013	.031	.860	−.022	.027	.003
Participant’s Fathers Externalizing Disorders	.032	.012	7.19	.007	.009	.055	.042
Step 4
F(13,4105)=9.3, p. <.001
Number of Participants Externalizing Disorders	.063	.018	12.72	<.001	.026	.097	.056
Number of Participants Internalizing Disorders	.074	.017	18.47	<.001	.04	.108	.067
Step 5 a
F(14,4104)=14.3, p. <.001
Number of Participants Externalizing Disorders	.049	.017	.792	.005	.015	.083	.044
Number of Participants Internalizing Disorders	.055	.017	10.19	.001	.021	.089	.050
Any Child Abuse	.317	.036	76.82	<.001	.246	.388	.136
Step 6
F(19,4099)=11.1, p. <.001
Gender and Abuse	−.075	.033	5.12	.024	−.141	−.010	−.035
Gender and Internalizing Disorders	.002	.018	.017	.897	−.034	−.039	.002
Gender and Externalizing Disorders	.016	.018	.777	.378	−.019	−.051	.014
Abuse and Internalizing Disorders	−.003	.015	.050	.823	−.033	.027	−.003
Abuse and Externalizing Disorders	−.014	.015	.866	.352	−.045	.016	−.015
Step 7
F(23,4095)=9.6, p. <.001
Gender, Abuse, and Internalizing Disorders	−.032	.017	3.36	.067	−.066	.002	−.029
Gender, Abuse, and Externalizing Disorders	−.028	.017	2.72	.099	−.061	.005	−.026
Abuse, Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders	.001	.010	.003	.955	−.018	.019	.001
Gender, Internalizing Disorders, and Externalizing Disorders	.022	.012	3.13	.077	−.002	.046	.028
Step 8
F(24,4094)=9.4, p. <.001
Four-way interaction	.022	.011	3.73	.053	.000	.044	.030

^aAfter each of the predictor variables were entered into the model (Step 5), the following variables remained significant: gender, not being raised by biological mom, and child welfare.