Table 1. Characteristics of 111 Traditional Healers from three rural districts in Zambézia Province, Mozambique, comparing those who referred to allopathic clinics with those who did not refer.
| No referrals | Any referral(s) | All | P-valueb | |
| (n = 27) | (n = 84) | (n = 111) | ||
| District, n (%) | 0.35 | |||
| Alto Molócuè | 11 (41%) | 22 (26%) | 33 (30%) | |
| Lugela | 9 (33%) | 33 (39%) | 42 (38%) | |
| Morrumbala | 7 (26%) | 29 (35%) | 36 (32%) | |
| Age, Median (Interquartile range)a | 50 (48–61) | 52 (45–61) | 51 (46–61) | 0.36 |
| Missing, n (%) | 1 (4%) | 5 (6%) | 6 (5%) | |
| Speaks Portuguese, n (%) | 0.95 | |||
| No | 12 (44%) | 33 (42%) | 45 (42%) | |
| A little | 6 (22%) | 20 (25%) | 26 (25%) | |
| Yes | 9 (33%) | 26 (33%) | 35 (33%) | |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.32 | |||
| Female | 8 (30%) | 34 (43%) | 42 (40%) | |
| Male | 19 (70%) | 45 (57%) | 64 (60%) | |
| Distance (time)a | 40 (5–60) | 33 (24–60) | 35 (18–60) | 0.58 |
| Missing, n (%) | 14 (52%) | 38 (45%) | 52 (47%) | |
| Distance (km)a | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–5) | 2 (1–5) | 0.87 |
| Missing, n(%) | 14 (52%) | 47 (56%) | 61 (55%) | |
| Education in yearsa | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–4) | 1 (0–3) | 0.98 |
| Pre-Intervention HIV Knowledge Scorea | 63 (56–71) | 70 (63–78) | 67 (59–78) | 0.032 |
| Post-Intervention HIV Knowledge Scorea | 81 (74–88) | 81 (73–90) | 81 (74–89) | 0.56 |
| Missing, n(%) | 5 (19%) | 16 (19%) | 21 (19%) | |
| Mean difference in Pre- and Post-Intervention HIV Knowledge Scoresa | 15 (3–21) | 10 (0–19) | 11 (1–19) | 0.29 |
| Missing, n(%) | 5 (19%) | 16 (19%) | 21 (19%) |
a
Continuous data are summarized as median (interquartile range).
b
To compare the distribution of study characteristics for healers with any referral, we employ chi-square tests. Similarly, we use a Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables by any referral.