Table 1.
Age; median (range) | 24y | (7m–74y) |
Children (<18y) | 12 | (20%) |
Female gender | 30 | (50%) |
Etiology | ||
Unknown | 34 | (57%) |
Acute symptomatic | 20 | (33%) |
non-anoxic brain injury* | 11 | (18%) |
post-anoxic encephalopathy | 7 | (12%) |
systemic etiology* | 2 | (3%) |
Remote symptomatic | 6 | (10%) |
Prior history of epilepsy | 9 | (15%) |
Duration of SE (days); median (range) | 26.5d | (1h–10m) |
CEEG | 59 | (98%) |
Time from onset of SE to CEEG (median, range) | <24h | (0–17d) |
Classification of SE | ||
Generalized convulsive | 14 | (23%) |
Tonic-clonic | 5 | (8%) |
Myoclonic | 6 | (10%) |
Tonic | 3 | (5%) |
Generalized nonconvulsive | 3 | (5%) |
Focal convulsive | 4 | (7%) |
Epilepsia partialis continua | 2 | (3%) |
Hemiconvulsive | 2 | (3%) |
Focal nonconvulsive | 38 | (63%) |
Status epilepticus of infantile spasms | 1 | (2%) |
Data presented as N (row percentage) unless stated otherwise.
Abbreviations: h: hours; d: days; m: months; y: years. CEEG = continuous EEG monitoring; SE = status epilepticus.
Causes of non-anoxic brain injury and systemic etiologies included proven infectious (N=4) or autoimmune (N=2; both anti-NMDA) meningo-encephalitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage (N=2), ischemic stroke (N=2), traumatic brain injury (N=1), sepsis-associated encephalopathy (N=1) and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (N=1).