Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the Danish and UK primary care cohorts
| Danish cohort (n = 344) | UK cohort (n = 856) | Tests for differences between the Danish and UK cohorts* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years | |||
| Median, (IQRa) | 50.0 (41–59) | 46 (39–53) | p < 0.001 |
| Female | 199 (57.8 %) | 305 (58.8 %) | p = 0.772 |
| Duration (%) | |||
| <4 weeks | 149 (44.2 %) | 327 (38.2 %) | p = 0.556 |
| 4–12 weeks | 66 (19.6 %) | 221 (25.8 %) | |
| >12 weeks | 122 (36.2 %) | 285 (33.3 %) | |
| STarT subgroup, proportions | |||
| Low | 121 (37.5 %) | 460 (53.7 %) | p < 0.001 |
| Medium | 127 (39.3 %) | 295 (34.5 %) | |
| High | 75 (23.2 %) | 90 (10.5 %) | |
| Pain intensityb (0–10 scale)c | |||
| Overall median (IQRa) | 7 (5–8) | 5 (3–7) | p < 0.001 |
| Mild (0–5) | 130 (38.7 %) | 527 (61.6 %) | |
| Moderate (6–7) | 98 (29.2 %) | 196 (22.9 %) | |
| Severe (8–10) | 108 (32.1 %) | 127 (14.8 %) | |
| Presence of referred leg pain | 241 (72.2 %) | 518 (60.5 %) | p < 0.001 |
| Presence of comorbid neck or shoulder pain | 155 (46.8 %) | 463 (54.1 %) | p = 0.014 |
| Activity limitationd (0–100 scale)c | |||
| Median (IQRa) | 60.9 (39–77) | 33.3 (17–54) | p < 0.001 |
| Pain bothersomeness | |||
| Not at all | 2 (0.6 %) | 29 (3.4 %) | p < 0.001 |
| Slightly | 14 (4.2 %) | 108 (12.6 %) | |
| Moderately | 82 (24.7 %) | 235 (27.5 %) | |
| Very much | 178 (53.6 %) | 307 (35.9 %) | |
| Extremely | 56 (16.6 %) | 166 (19.4 %) | |
| Fear of movemente (17–68 scale)c | |||
| Median (IQRa) | 36 (30–41) | 40 (36–43) | p < 0.001 |
| Catastrophisationg (0–36 scale)c | |||
| Median (IQRc) | 10 (5–15.8) | 9 (4–14) | p = 0.009 |
| Anxietyg (0–21 scale)c | |||
| Median (IQRc) | 5 (3–8) | 8 (5–11) | p < 0.001 |
| Depressiong (0–21 scale)c | |||
| Median (IQRc) | 2 (1–5) | 6 (3–9) | p < 0.001 |
* Tests for differences were the Man–Whitney U, Chi-square or Kruskal–Wallis procedures, depending on data type and distribution
aInter-quartile range
bNumeric Rating Scale (0–10)
cHigh scores are worse
dRoland Morris disability questionnaire
eTampa Scale of Kiniesophobia
fCoping strategy questionnaire (catastrophisation subscale)
gHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale