Table 3.
Treatment-related complications
| HIFU ablation | Percutaneous RFA | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 47) | (n = 59) | ||
| Patients with surgical complications | 10 (21.3%) | 5 (8.5%) | 0.06 |
| Moderate subcutaneous swelling | 1 | 0 | |
| Pneumothorax | 2 | 0 | |
| Skin burn | 2 | 0 | |
| Myocardiac infarction | 1 | 0 | |
| Ascites without tapping | 2 | 0 | |
| Fever | 1 | 0 | |
| Mild right chest wall swelling and pain | 1 | 0 | |
| Wound infection | 0 | 1 | |
| Pleural effusion requiring tapping | 0 | 2 | |
| Liver abscess | 0 | 1 | |
| Variceal bleeding | 0 | 1 | |
| Clavien–Dindo grade IIIA complication | 2 (4.3%) | 4 (6.8%) | 0.892 |
| Clavien–Dindo grade IVA complication | 1 (2.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.508 |
| Hospital mortality | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 |
HIFU, high-intensity focused ultrasound; RFA, radiofrequency ablation.