Table 3a:
Arithmetic mean concentrations (ng/m3) and standard deviation (σ) of various elements detected in aerosol samples from Mandi-Gobindgarh. MDL stands for minimum detection limit of the PIXE set up at Bhubaneshwar for the aerosol samples in (ng/m3). To calculate the arithmetic mean the concentrations of the elements in the samples where these were below detection limits were taken to be zero.
| Elements | MDL | PM2.5 | PMcf | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Mean | σ | Min | Max | Mean | σ | Min | Max | ||
| Silicon (Si) | 80090 | 11288 | 28856 | 0 | 94125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sulphur (S) | 769 | 6315 | 6031 | 0 | 19136 | 901 | 1620 | 0 | 5009 |
| Chlorine (Cl) | 229 | 1897 | 2125 | 0 | 18598 | 5096 | 4228 | 0 | 13910 |
| Potasium (K) | 86 | 2833 | 3243 | 878 | 22339 | 3769 | 3911 | 499 | 15506 |
| Calcium (Ca) | 78 | 713 | 571 | 0 | 3609 | 6054 | 5276 | 1031 | 19428 |
| Titanium (Ti) | 54 | 74 | 83 | 0 | 329 | 612 | 522 | 98 | 1945 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 45 | 92 | 87 | 0 | 258 | 199 | 238 | 0 | 828 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 44 | 140 | 168 | 0 | 3012 | 351 | 313 | 66 | 1221 |
| Iron (Fe) | 15 | 4189 | 4325 | 488 | 14021 | 20931 | 22587 | 3534 | 82239 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 54 | 24 | 35 | 0 | 908 | 105 | 167 | 0 | 522 |
| Zinc (Zn) | 37 | 14707 | 16109 | 1307 | 51808 | 11607 | 13740 | 88 | 44637 |
| Arsenic (As) | 167 | 96 | 175 | 0 | 601 | 384 | 782 | 0 | 2381 |
| Bromine(Br) | 153 | 2960 | 2062 | 44 | 7311 | 227 | 681 | 0 | 2417 |
| Lead (Pb) | 301 | 3783 | 4811 | 0 | 14550 | 1283 | 1952 | 0 | 7304 |