Table 1.
Respondent sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral characteristics by history of adolescent arrest, among young adults aged 18–28 years in the USA
| No adolescent arrest | Arrested 1 time | Arrested 2–5 times | Arrested 6+ times | Chi-square p-value for association | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 7,421 | 51.2 | 77 | 21.3 | 19 | 7.5 | 3 | 7.4 | 0.0000 |
| Male | 6,179 | 48.8 | 260 | 78.7 | 209 | 92.5 | 40 | 92.6 | |
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| 18–20 | 3,087 | 28.2 | 103 | 37.5 | 72 | 34.8 | 8 | 23.4 | 0.0160 |
| 21 | 2,151 | 16.3 | 64 | 20.7 | 39 | 19.3 | 7 | 21.5 | |
| 22 | 2,593 | 16.7 | 57 | 13.7 | 49 | 17.2 | 12 | 29.0 | |
| 23 | 2,673 | 15.8 | 57 | 10.0 | 30 | 10.9 | 10 | 14.7 | |
| 24–28 | 3,096 | 23.2 | 56 | 18.2 | 38 | 17.8 | 6 | 11.4 | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||
| White | 7,365 | 68.0 | 196 | 69.7 | 109 | 59.6 | 21 | 52.1 | 0.0063 |
| Black | 2,883 | 15.9 | 64 | 15.8 | 56 | 23.0 | 8 | 12.3 | |
| Latino | 2,208 | 11.7 | 53 | 10.1 | 49 | 15.2 | 8 | 24.6 | |
| Native American | 124 | 0.73 | 5 | 2.2 | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 4.8 | |
| Asian American | 985 | 3.8 | 18 | 2.2 | 11 | 1.7 | 4 | 6.2 | |
| Socioeconomic position | |||||||||
| Education level of mother/primary female caretaker (Wave I) | |||||||||
| <HS education | 2,060 | 16.1 | 45 | 14.3 | 36 | 22.1 | 13 | 20.7 | 0.3621 |
| HS education | 3,765 | 34.0 | 95 | 34.0 | 62 | 28.2 | 9 | 45.4 | |
| >HS education | 6,347 | 49.9 | 164 | 51.7 | 109 | 49.8 | 15 | 33.9 | |
| Respondent education level (Wave III) | |||||||||
| <HS education | 1,279 | 10.8 | 51 | 15.9 | 63 | 27.9 | 20 | 53.9 | 0.0000 |
| HS education | 12,307 | 89.3 | 286 | 84.1 | 165 | 72.1 | 23 | 46.1 | |
| Respondent/household could not afford housing/utilities in past year (Wave III) | |||||||||
| No | 11,644 | 86.4 | 268 | 80.1 | 179 | 80.5 | 28 | 73.6 | 0.0148 |
| Yes | 1,801 | 13.6 | 65 | 19.9 | 47 | 19.5 | 12 | 26.4 | |
| Adolescent delinquency (Wave I) | |||||||||
| Score on delinquency measure | |||||||||
| Low (score of 0–5) | 13,357 | 99.3 | 319 | 95.9 | 211 | 95.2 | 35 | 87.7 | 0.0000 |
| High (score of 6–7) | 115 | 0.7 | 13 | 4.1 | 13 | 4.8 | 7 | 12.3 | |
| Adolescent depression/hopelessness (Wave I) | |||||||||
| Thought seriously about suicide in the past year | |||||||||
| No | 11,717 | 87.0 | 265 | 78.6 | 190 | 85.4 | 36 | 90.3 | 0.0042 |
| Yes | 1,770 | 13.0 | 69 | 21.4 | 35 | 14.6 | 6 | 9.7 | |
| Believed he/she had at least a 50–50 chance of being killed by the age of 21 | |||||||||
| No | 11,488 | 85.7 | 270 | 82.8 | 173 | 74.8 | 31 | 73.0 | 0.0021 |
| Yes | 2,024 | 14.3 | 64 | 17.3 | 55 | 25.2 | 9 | 27.0 | |
| Believed he/she had at least a 50–50 chance of getting HIV/AIDS | |||||||||
| No | 12,026 | 89.4 | 296 | 87.8 | 192 | 83.3 | 35 | 82.0 | 0.1544 |
| Yes | 1,470 | 10.6 | 38 | 12.2 | 36 | 16.7 | 6 | 18.0 | |
| Adolescent drug use (Wave I) | |||||||||
| Ever drank and got drunk | |||||||||
| No | 9,803 | 72.1 | 180 | 53.0 | 112 | 52.4 | 20 | 44.1 | 0.0000 |
| Yes | 3,655 | 27.9 | 153 | 47.0 | 112 | 47.6 | 22 | 55.9 | |
| Ever used marijuana | |||||||||
| No | 9,902 | 74.0 | 164 | 49.9 | 94 | 39.2 | 17 | 35.2 | 0.0000 |
| Yes | 3,558 | 26.0 | 170 | 50.1 | 129 | 60.8 | 25 | 64.8 | |
| Ever used cocaine | |||||||||
| No | 13,053 | 96.9 | 309 | 91.7 | 204 | 90.7 | 35 | 89.7 | 0.0000 |
| Yes | 398 | 0.3 | 24 | 8.4 | 19 | 9.4 | 7 | 10.4 | |
| Ever used injection drugs | |||||||||
| No | 13,431 | 99.5 | 332 | 98.4 | 223 | 98.6 | 43 | 100 | 0.0984 |
| Yes | 62 | 0.5 | 4 | 1.6 | 4 | 1.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Weighted mean (95 % CI) | Weighted mean (95 % CI) | Weighted mean (95 % CI) | |||||||
| Age at first vaginal sex (Wave I) | 16.5 | 16.4–16.6 | 15.2 | 14.9–15.6 | 15.1 | 14.7–15.5 | 14.1 | 13.3–14.9 | |