Table 2.

Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for the association between adolescent justice involvement and adulthood biologically confirmed sexually transmitted infection (assessed at Wave III), among young adults aged 18–28 years in the USA

	STI
Adolescent criminal justice involvement	Weighted %	Unadjusted OR (95 % CI)	Adjusted OR (95 % CI)a
Number of adolescent arrests (<18 years old)
0 times	6.1	Referent	Referent
1 time	7.4	1.22 (0.73–2.06)	1.30 (0.76–2.24)
2–5 times	7.8	1.29 (0.59–2.83)	1.20 (0.50–2.86)
6+ times	33.0	7.56 (3.00–19.10)	5.44 (1.74–17.1)
Ever convicted or plead guilty in a juvenile court
No	6.1	Referent	Referent
Yes	12.2	2.13 (1.25–3.62)	1.90 (1.02–3.55)
History of arrest as an adolescent and/or adult
Never arrested as an adolescent or an adult	6.1	Referent	Referent
Adolescent-limited arrest history	7.1	1.18 (0.64–2.22)	1.30 (0.68–2.48)
Adult-limited arrest history	6.7	1.11 (0.78–1.56)	1.16 (0.79–1.71)
Persistent arrest history	11.4	1.98 (1.28–3.08)	1.60 (0.99–2.57)

^aAdjusted for any of the following demographic, socioeconomic, and substance abuse variables, if identified as confounders using the backwards elimination strategy of model building: age; gender; race/ethnicity; age at first sex; education status of mother/primary caretaker; high school education status of respondent; poverty level measured at Wave III, defined as difficulty affording housing/utilities in past year; adolescent history of getting drunk or marijuana, cocaine, or injection drug use in the year prior to Wave I; high levels of delinquency in adolescence, defined as a score of 7 on a seven-point delinquency scale; and indicators of hopelessness in adolescence, including respondent report that he or she thought seriously about committing suicide in the past year, that he or she had at least a 50-50 chance of being killed by age 21 years, and that he or she had at least a 50-50 chance of getting HIV or AIDS