Table 3.
Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for the association between adolescent justice involvement and adulthood high-risk sexual partnerships (Wave III), among young adults aged 18–28 years in the USA
| Reported 3+ partners in the past year and inconsistent condom use | Sex with an STI-infected partner in the past year | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adolescent criminal justice involvement | Weighted % | Unadjusted OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI)a | Weighted % | Unadjusted OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI)a |
| Number of adolescent arrests (<18 years old) | ||||||
| 0 times | 11.0 | Referent | Referent | 6.3 | Referent | Referent |
| 1 time | 20.8 | 2.12 (1.59–2.82) | 1.19 (0.88–1.62) | 7.4 | 1.19 (0.68–2.09) | 0.87 (0.43–1.75) |
| 2–5 times | 29.5 | 3.37 (2.24–5.07) | 1.84 (1.19–2.84) | 10.1 | 1.67 (0.88–3.19) | 1.51 (0.71–3.20) |
| 6+ times | 31.1 | 3.64 (1.50–8.84) | 1.83 (0.67–4.99) | 6.3 | 1.00 (0.21–4.80) | 1.22 (0.20–7.42) |
| Ever convicted or plead guilty in a juvenile court | ||||||
| No | 11.4 | Referent | Referent | 6.3 | Referent | Referent |
| Yes | 23.2 | 2.33 (1.63–3.33) | 1.23 (0.83–1.81) | 8.0 | 1.29 (0.73–2.29) | 1.27 (0.66–2.43) |
| History of arrest as a adolescent and/or adult | ||||||
| Never arrested as a adolescent or an adult | 10.1 | Referent | Referent | 6.2 | Referent | Referent |
| Adolescent-limited arrest history | 20.5 | 2.29 (1.65–3.18) | 1.32 (0.91–1.92) | 8.6 | 1.43 (0.82–2.53) | 1.49 (0.78–2.85) |
| Adult-limited arrest history | 22.8 | 2.62 (2.12–3.25) | 1.87 (1.47–2.37) | 7.8 | 1.28 (0.93–1.76) | 1.24 (0.85–1.82) |
| Persistent arrest history | 27.9 | 3.45 (2.53–4.70) | 1.78 (1.24–2.56) | 7.9 | 1.31 (0.67–2.57) | 0.90 (0.38–2.10) |
aAdjusted for any of the following demographic, socioeconomic, and substance abuse variables, if identified as confounders using the backwards elimination strategy of model building: age; gender; race/ethnicity; age at first sex; education status of mother/primary caretaker; high school education status of respondent; poverty level measured at Wave III, defined as difficulty affording housing/utilities in past year; adolescent history of getting drunk or marijuana, cocaine, or injection drug use in the year prior to Wave I; high levels of delinquency in adolescence, defined as a score of 7 on a seven-point delinquency scale; and indicators of hopelessness in adolescence, including respondent report that he or she thought seriously about committing suicide in the past year, that he or she had at least a 50-50 chance of being killed by age 21 years, and that he or she had at least a 50-50 chance of getting HIV or AIDS