Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinicopathologic data of the patients n (%)
| Laparoscopic group | Open group | P value | |
| Number of patients | 49 | 25 | / |
| Age (yr, mean ± SD) | 65.6 ± 11.3 | 66.7 ± 12.4 | 0.7051 |
| Sex (male/female) | 30/19 | 15/10 | 0.9192 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 22.4 ± 3.4 | 21.4 ± 3.5 | 0.2101 |
| Number of patients with comorbidities | 27 (55.1) | 13 (52) | 0.8002 |
| Marital status (married/divorced/widow/single) | 36/5/6/2 | 18/3/4/0 | 0.7422 |
| Education level (under primary/primary/secondary/tertiary or above) | 10/19/16/4 | 8/10/6/1 | 0.6232 |
| Tumor location in rectum (upper/middle/lower) | 26/15/8 | 12/10/3 | 0.6972 |
| Types of surgery (AR/LAR with TME) | 24/25 | 12/13 | 0.9362 |
| Number of patients with temporary ileostomy | 25 (51) | 13 (52) | 0.9362 |
| Number of patients with complications | 17 (34.7) | 13 (52) | 0.1522 |
| Subclinical anastomotic leak | 0 | 1 | |
| Anastomotic bleeding | 1 | 0 | |
| Chest infection | 1 | 3 | |
| Wound infection | 2 | 5 | |
| Urinary tract infection | 2 | 5 | |
| Urinary retention | 4 | 5 | |
| Prolonged ileus | 7 | 3 | |
| Others | 1 | 3 | |
| Reoperation | 0 | 0 | |
| AJCC staging (I/II/III) | 3/26/20 | 2/13/10 | 0.9552 |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 20 (40.8) | 10 (40) | 0.9462 |
| Adjuvant radiotherapy | 11 (22.4) | 7 (28) | 0.5992 |
1
Student’s t test;
2
χ2 test. AR: Anterior resection; LAR: Low anterior resection; TME: Total mesorectal excision; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer.