Table 2.
Comparison of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR38 scores between the laparoscopic and open groups at different time points
|
Baseline |
4 mo |
8 mo |
12 mo |
|||||||||
| Lap | Open | P value | Lap | Open | P value | Lap | Open | P value | Lap | Open | P value | |
| EORTC QLQ-C30 | ||||||||||||
| Functional scales | ||||||||||||
| Global QoL | 72.4 (3.4) | 68.3 (5.2) | 0.443 | 65.8 (3.6) | 47.3 (5.9) | 0.009 | 73.6 (3.8) | 52.0 (5.9) | 0.003 | 71.1 (3.4) | 61.0 (7.0) | 0.371 |
| Physical | 94.7 (1.3) | 91.5 (2.6) | 0.255 | 86.4 (2.3) | 77.6 (4.1) | 0.056 | 89.9 (1.4) | 79.2 (3.7) | 0.016 | 87.1 (2.6) | 81.3 (4.0) | 0.149 |
| Role | 88.8 (3.0) | 92.7 (3.1) | 0.660 | 75.9 (4.5) | 67.3 (6.6) | 0.155 | 85.0 (3.4) | 63.3 (6.9) | 0.005 | 82.7 (3.9) | 71.3 (7.1) | 0.129 |
| Emotional | 71.1 (4.1) | 66.0 (5.4) | 0.404 | 76.0 (4.0) | 82.0 (4.9) | 0.401 | 79.8 (3.4) | 71.3 (6.3) | 0.379 | 79.1 (3.2) | 71.0 (6.3) | 0.579 |
| Cognitive | 71.1 (4.2) | 66.7 (5.5) | 0.415 | 67.7 (3.6) | 59.3 (5.8) | 0.284 | 73.5 (3.4) | 50.7 (6.2) | 0.002 | 61.9 (4.2) | 60.0 (6.7) | 0.940 |
| Social | 82.7 (3.2) | 88.0 (4.4) | 0.292 | 73.5 (3.1) | 64.7 (5.7) | 0.268 | 76.9 (3.8) | 62.7 (7.1) | 0.110 | 76.5 (4.0) | 62.7 (7.4) | 0.124 |
| Symptom scales/items | ||||||||||||
| Fatigue | 16.6 (2.8) | 14.2 (2.9) | 0.859 | 17.7 (2.6) | 27.6 (4.3) | 0.042 | 13.8 (2.7) | 28.9 (5.9) | 0.027 | 12.0 (2.2) | 15.6 (4.0) | 0.520 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 0 (0) | 0.7 (0.7) | 0.162 | 3.1 (1.3) | 6.7 (3.7) | 0.931 | 0 (0) | 2.7 (2.1) | 0.046 | 0 (0) | 1.3 (1.3) | 0.162 |
| Pain | 14.3 (3.2) | 16.7 (4.5) | 0.772 | 20.1 (2.7) | 25.3 (5.2) | 0.534 | 16.7 (2.7) | 27.3 (5.2) | 0.089 | 15.6 (2.9) | 19.3 (5.4) | 0.755 |
| Dyspnea | 4.1 (1.6) | 2.7 (1.8) | 0.581 | 7.5 (2.2) | 16 (5.5) | 0.208 | 2.7 (1.3) | 12 (6.0) | 0.252 | 4.1 (2.1) | 12.0 (5.0) | 0.065 |
| Insomnia | 33.3 (5.1) | 58.7 (8.5) | 0.011 | 32.0 (5.1) | 46.7 (8.2) | 0.141 | 27.2 (4.8) | 45.3 (7.9) | 0.052 | 30.6 (5.1) | 46.7 (8.4) | 0.129 |
| Appetite loss | 8.8 (2.7) | 6.7 (4.3) | 0.313 | 7.5 (2.2) | 14.7 (6.4) | 0.794 | 6.8 (2.2) | 17.3 (4.8) | 0.035 | 7.5 (3.0) | 10.7 (4.2) | 0.330 |
| Constipation | 18.4 (4.6) | 29.3 (8.0) | 0.292 | 11.6 (4.2) | 12.0 (4.7) | 0.525 | 15.0 (4.4) | 6.7 (2.7) | 0.508 | 18.4 (4.5) | 10.7 (5.3) | 0.205 |
| Diarrhea | 19.7 (4.4) | 17.3 (6.1) | 0.759 | 23.1 (4.9) | 30.7 (7.2) | 0.394 | 15.0 (4.2) | 29.3 (8.2) | 0.156 | 15.0 (4.1) | 21.3 (6.6) | 0.379 |
| Financial difficulties | 13.6 (4.0) | 14.7 (4.7) | 0.426 | 24.5 (4.3) | 37.3 (6.5) | 0.066 | 23.1 (5.2) | 42.7 (7.1) | 0.010 | 13.6 (3.6) | 20.0 (6.7) | 0.580 |
| EORTC QLQ-CR38 | ||||||||||||
| Functional scales | ||||||||||||
| Body image | 93.9 (1.9) | 93.3 (2.6) | 0.945 | 81.0 (4.2) | 82.7 (6.0) | 0.699 | 81.2 (3.9) | 85.3 (4.8) | 0.834 | 87.8 (3.7) | 84.4 (5.6) | 0.526 |
| Sexual functioning | 18.7 (3.9) | 14.0 (5.3) | 0.268 | 18.7 (4.1) | 8.7 (5.1) | 0.069 | 19.0 (4.2) | 16.0 (5.7) | 0.630 | 19.0 (4.3) | 17.3 (5.7) | 0.807 |
| Future perspective | 54.4 (4.9) | 64.0 (7.2) | 0.272 | 54.4 (4.4) | 45.3 (6.0) | 0.309 | 44.2 (5.1) | 42.7 (7.8) | 0.779 | 44.2 (4.9) | 44.0 (6.9) | 0.995 |
| Symptom scales/items | ||||||||||||
| Micturition problems | 37.8 (4.4) | 38.7 (6.9) | 0.907 | 32.3 (4.7) | 54.7 (7.1) | 0.011 | 22.8 (4.0) | 40.7 (6.9) | 0.020 | 31.6 (4.5) | 41.3 (6.9) | 0.246 |
| Chemotherapy side effects1 | 16.7 (4.1) | 10.0 (2.6) | 0.530 | 41.1 (7.3) | 44.4 (11.1) | 0.846 | 20.6 (4.7) | 28.9 (7.8) | 0.422 | 8.9 (3.3) | 17.8 (6.0) | 0.214 |
| Gastrointestinal tract symptoms | 20.7 (2.2) | 19.5 (2.8) | 0.817 | 16.6 (1.9) | 18.1 (2.8) | 0.656 | 15.9 (1.9) | 24.8 (3.3) | 0.022 | 18.0 (2.2) | 16.3 (3.3) | 0.546 |
| Defecation problems2 | 22.2 (2.3) | 15.5 (3.5) | 0.133 | 24.3 (3.6) | 21.4 (3.0) | 0.821 | 11.8 (2.5) | 23.0 (4.9) | 0.062 | 13.2 (2.9) | 16.3 (3.3) | 0.235 |
| Weight loss | 27.9 (4.7) | 38.7 (8.3) | 0.376 | 8.8 (3.2) | 24.0 (7.6) | 0.079 | 6.1 (2.1) | 17.3 (6.1) | 0.094 | 6.1 (2.1) | 10.7 (4.2) | 0.383 |
Only for patients who received chemotherapy, 20 in the laparoscopic group and 10 in the open group;
Only for patients without temporary loop ileostomy, 24 in the laparoscopic group and 12 in the open group. Quality of life (QoL) scores are presented as the mean (standard error of mean). Scores ranged from 0 to 100. A higher score on a functional scale indicates better functioning, whereas a higher score on a symptom scale indicates a higher degree of symptoms. Scores in the laparoscopic and open groups were compared by the Mann-Whitney U test. EORTC: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.