Table 2.
Summary of studies utilizing electronic media for health or safety behavior change
| Source(Quality Score) | Setting/ Subjects | Media Type | Research Design | Intervention | Control | Results/Conclusions * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrition/Physical Activity | ||||||
| Cullen et al,34 2005 (2) | School; N = 1578 (8-12y) | Computer game | RCT-cluster design | Game play: 10 25 min sessions for 5 wks | No Game | Intervention group consumed more FJV, fruit servings, 100% juice |
| Dunton et al,33 2009 (1) | School; N=683, (M=12.5y) | Video clips | Pilot with pre/post-test | Teacher delivered curriculum w/video clips for 8 sessions | N/A | Intervention group had increased physical activity, daily dairy; decreased TV/DVD and videogame playing/nonschool-related computer use and sweets/sugar intake |
| Goran et al,35 2005 (2) | School; N= 209 (8.8-11y) | Computer game | RCT-cluster design | Game play/educational lessons for 8 wks | Educational CD-ROM | Intervention group had decreased BMI in girls but not boys |
| Jago et al,32 2006 (2) | Boy Scouts; N =473 (9-18 y) | Internet | RCT | Internet-based program 2x wk for 9 wks | Fruit & vegetable intervention | Intervention group had increased light physical activity and decreased sedentary behavior |
| Madsen et al,31 2007 (0) | Home; N= 30 (9-18y) | Videogame | Pilot with pre/post- test | Videogame 30 min/d, 5d/wk for 2 mos | N/A | No statistically significant changes in BMI |
| Moore et al,30 2009 (0) | School; N = 126 (9-11y) | Internet game | Quasi- experimental pilot with pre/post-test | Game play for 6 classes over 3 mos period | Didactic presentation of game | Intervention group had increased pre- and post-game measures of self-care behavior, physical activity, and mean systolic blood pressure |
| Turnin et al,29 2001 (1) | School; N = 1876 (7-12y) | Computer game | RCT | Game play and nutritional teaching, 2 hrs/wk for 5 wks | Teaching only | Intervention group had more carbohydrate, less fat, less protein, less saccharose, more calcium, more fiber |
| Asthma/Lung Function | ||||||
| Bartholomew et al,28 2000 (2) | Clinic; N =133 (7-1y) | Computer game | Randomized trial with pre/post-test | Game play at visits, 40 mins | Usual care | Intervention group had lower post-test symptoms scores, moderated by asthma severity |
| Huss et al,27 2003 (3) | Home; N=148 (7-12 y) | Computer game | RCT | Game play/education | Education only | No statistically significant changes in asthma symptoms |
| McPherson et al,26 2006 (3) | Clinic; N=101 (7-14 y) | Computer game | RCT | Game play/asthma booklet, 90 mins, | Asthma booklet only | Intervention group had lower oral steroid use |
| Rubin et al,25 1986 (3) | Clinic;, N = 65 (7-12y) | Computer game | RCT | Game play, 45 min every 6 wks for 10 mos | Non-asthma computer game | Intervention group had higher asthma behavioral child assessment score |
| Shames et al,24 2004 (2) | Home; N =119 (5-12y) | Console videogame | RCT | Disease management program w/ videogame | Usual care/ videogame | No statistically significant changes in asthma symptoms/clinical outcomes |
| Vilozni et al,23 2001 (2) | School; N=112 (3-6y) | Computer game | RCT with cross over | Game play for 1 session of 5–10 min | Candle blowing simulation | Intervention group achieved successful spirometry |
| Safety Behaviors | ||||||
| Coles et al,22 2007 (1) | Clinic; N=32 (4-10y) | Computer game | Randomized pilot with pre/post-test | Game play until mastery of skills (<30 mins) | N/A | No statistically significant differences with fire and street safety game play |
| Fisher et al,21 2002 (0) | Driver’s education course; N=45 (16-17y) | Computer simulator program | Controlled study | Computer-based training/driving simulator, 90 min session | No training | Intervention group successfully applied the brakes |
| Padgett et al,20 2006 (0) | Clinic; N=5 (5-7y) | Computer game | Pilot with Pre/post-test | Game play until mastery of skills | N/A | No statistically significant changes with fire safety game play |
| Sexual Risk Behaviors | ||||||
| Downs et al,19 2004 (3) | Clinic/ hospital; N =300 (14-18 y) | Interactive video | RCT | Interactive video, 30 min session | Content-matched book/brochure | Intervention group reported more complete sexual abstinence, fewer condom failures, and less STI diagnosis |
| Tortolero et al,18 2010 (3) | School; N =907(M=13y) | Computer based program | RCT | Computer-based activities, 12 45 min lessons; 6 homework activities | Regular health classes | Intervention group less likely to have initiated oral, vaginal, or anal sex by 9th grade |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Brown et al,17 1997 (1) | Clinic; N = 59 (8-16y) | Console videogame | RCT | Game play at home, (unrestricted game play) | Non-health related game | No statistically significant differences in diabetes outcomes |
*
Only statistically significant (p<0.05) and medium-large effect sizes reported; Abbreviations: FJV, fruit, juice, vegetable: STIs, sexually transmitted infections