Table 4. Type of medication errors resulting in preventable Adverse Drug Events during hospitalization.
| Type of medication error | pADEs | Medication involved | Most frequent type of events |
| no. (%) | (no. pADEs)* | (no. pADEs) | |
| n = 83 | |||
| Prescribing error | 71 (85.5) | ||
| Contra-indicated medication | 20 | Blood glucose lowering drugs, excl. insulins (5), Lipidmodifying agents (3), Diuretics (3), RAAS-inhibitors (2),Drugs for acid related disorders (2), Drugs forconstipation (1), Beta-blocking agents (1),Opioids (1), Other (2) | Metabolic/Laboratory (10), Gastrointestinal (2), Cardiac General/Arrhythmia (3) |
| Undertreatment | 19 | Iron preparations (6), Opioids (4), Antibacterialsfor systemic use (2), Diuretics (2),Antithrombotic agents (1), Corticosteroids for systemicuse (1), NSAIDs (1), Other (2) | Blood/Bone marrow (6), Gastrointestinal (5), Infection (2), Cardiac General (2) |
| Dosing errors | 14 | Antibacterials for systemic use (6), Psycholeptics (2),Cardiac therapy agents (2),Lipid modifying agents (1),Thyroid therapy agents (1), Other (2) | Metabolic/Laboratory (5), Neurology (3), Gastrointestinal (2), Cardiac General/Arrhythmia (2) |
| Inappropriate choice | 9 | Antibacterials for systemic use (8),Beta-blocking agents (1) | Infection (8), Cardiac General (1) |
| Drug-drug interactions | 6 | Antithrombotic agents (5),Antibacterials for systemic use (1) | Coagulation (5), Renal/Genitourinary (1) |
| Overtreatment | 2 | Diuretics (1), Mineral supplements (1) | Metabolic/Laboratory (1), Hepatobiliary/Pancreas (1) |
| Drug duplication | 1 | Blood glucose lowering drugs, excl. insulins (1) | Metabolic/Laboratory (1) |
| Medication administration error | 7 (8.4) | Antibacterials for systemic use (3), Insulin andanalogues (2), Beta-blocking agents (1),Antithrombotic agents (1) | Metabolic/Laboratory (2), Infection (2) |
| Monitoring error | 5 (6.0) | Antibacterials for systemic use (2), Diuretics (1),RAAS-inhibitors (1),Thyroid therapy agents (1) | Metabolic/Laboratory (4), Blood/Bone Marrow (1) |
*
Medication was classified according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification by World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology [73].
pADEs - preventable Adverse Drug Events; RAAS - Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System; NSAIDs - Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.