Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and phenotypic information for the study population.
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| No. of mother–child pairs | 134 |
| Maternal age at delivery (years) | 31 ± 4.6 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 40 ± 1.3 |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.5 ± 0.46 |
| Infant sex | |
| Male | 67 (50) |
| Female | 67 (50) |
| Delivery type | |
| Vaginal | 92 (69) |
| Cesarean section | 40 (30) |
| Unknown | 2 (1) |
| Smoking status | |
| Never | 97 (72) |
| Former | 11 (8) |
| Current | 4 (3) |
| Unknown | 22 (16) |
| School level | |
| Less than 11th grade | 2 (1) |
| High school graduate or equivalent | 11 (8) |
| Junior college graduate or some college or technical school | 30 (22) |
| College graduate | 48 (36) |
| Postgraduate schooling | 21 (16) |
| Unknown | 22 (16) |
| Maternal urinary As (μg/L) | 4.1 (1.8–6.6) |
| iAs (μg/L)a | 0.25 (0.13–0.47) |
| MMAV (μg/L) | 0.31 (0.15–0.5) |
| DMAV (μg/L) | 3.4 (1.6–5.7) |
| Tap-water arsenic (μg/L) | 1.2 (0.2–6.2) |
| Values are presented as mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range). aFifty-six samples had measurements below the limit of detection for iAs. | |