Figure 4. Fitness per phenotype calculated as the individual’s contribution to population growth on an annual basis following the method (de-lifing) proposed by Coulson et al. (2006a).

The method calculates how a population would have performed with the focal individual removed over the time step t to t+1, and it is implemented by retrospectively removing the individual and any offspring that produced between t to t+1 that are still alive at t+1 and recalculating population growth (see section 'Fitness').