Table 5. Univariable and multivariable comparisons of clinical and ultrasound risk factors for Hypertensive-SGA by customised birthweight centiles.
| Training Cohort | |||||
| N = 3735 | N = 3541 | ||||
| Risk Factors | HTSGA | Non HTSGA | Univariable Odds Ratio (95% CI) † | Multivariable Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Multivariable Odds Ratio (95% CI) †† |
| N = 109 | N = 3626 | ||||
| At 15 weeks | AUC = 0.76 | AUC = 0.82 | |||
| >12 months to conceive | 28 (26%) | 587 (16%) | 1.79 (1.15 to 2.78) | 1.70 (1.08 to 2.67) | 1.64 (1.02 to 2.64) |
| Family history of metabolic syndrome (mother) | 44 (40%) | 936 (26%) | 1.95 (1.32 to 2.87) | 1.67 (1.11 to 2.51) | 1.59 (1.04 to 2.44) |
| Family history of coronary heart disease (father) | 25 (23%) | 449 (12%) | 2.11 (1.33 to 3.33) | 1.77 (1.09 to 2.85) | 1.85 (1.12 to 3.05) |
| Low fruit consumption in the past month‡ | 58 (53%) | 1413 (39%) | 1.78 (1.22 to 2.61) | 1.94 (1.30 to 2.89) | 1.98 (1.30 to 3.00) |
| Any binge drinking during pregnancy | 40 (37%) | 841 (23%) | 1.92 (1.29 to 2.86) | 2.14 (1.42 to 3.23) | 1.97 (1.28 to 3.04) |
| Maternal birthweight (grams) * | 3179 (463) | 3314 (561) | |||
| <3000 | 33 (33%) | 854 (25%) | 2.32 (1.33 to 4.04) | 2.10 (1.22 to 3.62) | 2.20 (1.24 to 3.90) |
| 3000 to 3499 | 47 (47%) | 1322 (39%) | 2.14 (1.27 to 3.59) | 2.09 (1.26 to 3.44) | 2.22 (1.31 to 3.77) |
| ≥3500 | 21 (21%) | 1262 (36%) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | |||||
| <25 | 40 (37%) | 2108 (58%) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 |
| 25 to 29.9 | 36 (33%) | 989 (27%) | 1.92 (1.22 to 3.03) | 1.47 (0.92 to 2.36) | 1.46 (0.89 to 2.39) |
| ≥30.0 | 33 (30%) | 529 (15%) | 3.29 (2.05 to 5.26) | 1.96 (1.18 to 3.27) | 2.00 (1.18 to 3.38) |
| Systolic blood pressure ≥120 mmHg | 38 (35%) | 478 (13%) | 3.53 (2.35 to 5.29) | 1.97 (1.21 to 3.20) | 2.03 (1.21 to 3.40) |
| Diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg | 25 (23%) | 190 (5%) | 5.38 (3.37 to 8.61) | 2.87 (1.65 to 5.02) | 2.66 (1.45 to 4.86) |
| 20 week ultrasound scan data †† | N = 103 | N = 3472 | |||
| Average uterine Doppler resistance index | 0.64 (0.12) | 0.57 (0.10) | |||
| <0.5 | 17 (16%) | 884 (25%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 0.5 to 0.59 | 17 (16%) | 1353 (39%) | 0.65 (0.33, 1.29) | 0.63 (0.31, 1.25) | |
| 0.6 to 0.69 | 41 (40%) | 862 (25%) | 2.47 (1.39, 4.39) | 2.29 (1.27, 4.13) | |
| 0.7 to 0.79 | 18 (18%) | 306 (9%) | 3.06 (1.56, 6.01) | 2.72 (1.35, 5.47) | |
| 0.8 to 1.0 | 10 (10%) | 67 (2%) | 7.76 (3.42, 17.62) | 7.83 (3.32, 18.45) | |
Data are mean (SD) number (%) as appropriate,
*
missing data numbers for woman’s birthweight (SGA n = 8, no SGA n = 188 missing).
†
Unimputed data was used for univariate analyses.
††
Unimputed ultrasound data were added to the multivariable models derived from imputed 15 week data.
‡
<1serving of fruit/day.
HT SGA = birth of an SGA infant where the mother had gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and/or mild chronic hypertension.
Non HT SGA = all women in the remainder of the cohort who did not have Hypertensive-SGA pregnancies.