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. 2013 Aug 4;19:1760–1768.

Table 4. Association of VEGF and ICAM-1 with severity of retinopathy (non proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy).

Variables Odds Ratio 95% CI p
VEGF
3.91
1.023–14.97
<0.05
ICAM-1 3.98 1.04–15.27 <0.05

Odds ratio has been adjusted for glycosylated hemoglobin.