. 2013 Aug 5;8(8):e70475. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070475

Table 2. Means and standard deviations in the seven TCI dimensions in the CATSS-15, DOGSS, Brändström [3] and Garcia [29] study groups.

	N	Novelty Seeking	Harm Avoidance	Reward Dependence	Persistence	Self-directedness	Cooperativeness	Self-transcendence
TCI-238 version
DOGSS	369	22.50±5.97	15.81±6.41^{♀, B}	13.65±3.89^♀	4.04±2.00	27.62±6.89^{♂, B, G}	29.13±6.45^{♀, B, G}	11.63±5.68^♀
Brändström	332	22.84±5.62	14.88±6.53	13.75±3.73	3.84±1.90	24.85±6.78	27.38±7.00	15.52±5.92^D
Garcia	399	22.36±5.52^♀	15.23±6.78^♀	14.33±3.81^♀,^D	4.05±2.08	24.52±7.09	27.55±6.73^♀	13.45±5.91^D
TCI-125 version
CATSS-15	2345	10.88±3.45^♀	8.69±4.41^♀	8.68±2.36^{♀, B, D}	2.56±1.62^B	17.57±4.60^{♂, B, D G}	18.45±3.71^{♀, B, D, G}	3.44±2.92^♀
DOGSS^▾	369	10.85±3.69	9.73±4.50^{♀, B, C, G}	8.22±2.64^♀	2.44±1.52^B	16.40±4.69^♂,^{B, G}	17.85±4.09^♀,^{B, G}	3.85±3.08^♀,^C
CATSS-15 & DOGSS^▾	2714	10.88±3.48	8.83±4.43	8.62±2.41	2.54±1.60	17.41±4.63	18.37±3.77	3.50±2.94
Brändström^▾	332	11.73±3.47^{C, D, T}	8.91±4.60^C	8.25±2.58	2.23±1.54	14.60±4.72	16.36±4.65	6.11±3.44 ^{D, C, T}
Garcia^▾	399	11.45±3.31^{C, T}	8.87±4.65^♀	8.60±2.65^♀	2.43±1.55	14.26±5.09	16.79±4.38^♀	5.15±3.47 ^{C, D, T}

Note: ^▾Common items from the 125-item and 238-item TCI versions; ^♀ higher than boys in the same sample (P<.05); ^♂ higher than girls in the same sample (P<.05); ^B higher than adolescents in Brändström study group (P<.05); ^C higher than adolescents in the CATSS-15 (P<.05); ^D higher than adolescents in the DOGSS (P<.05); ^G higher than adolescents in the Garcia study group (P<.05); ^T higher than the whole twin group (CATSS-15 & DOGSS) (P<.05).