Table 5.

Reported validity of plain radiographs measurements compared with CT measurements for anteversion

Study	Method for measuring anteversion	Definition of anteversion measured on CT	Referenced coronal plane of CT	Mean error ± SD
Ghelman et al. [6]	Woo’s method from cross-table lateral radiographs	Radiographic anteversion	Radiographic coronal plane	8.7° (range, −10.7° to 25°)
Hassan et al. [8]	Hassan’s method from AP radiographs	Not known (true measurements in vitro)	Not known (true measurements in vitro)	−2.5° (range, −0.8° to −3.4°)
Marx et al. [17]	AP radiographs for all:	Radiographic anteversion for all	APP for all
	McLaren’s method			−14.5° ± 10.5°
	Ackland’s method			−14.3° ± 10.3°
	Pradhan’s method			−14.5° ± 10.2°
	Widmer’s method			−6.4° ± 10.8°
	Hassan’s method			−14.4° ± 10.2°
Nho et al. [20]	AP radiographs	Anatomic anteversion	Radiographic coronal plane	Not known
Current study	Lewinneck’s method from AP radiographs	Radiographic anteversion	Radiographic coronal plane	0.55° ± 3.14°