Table 2.

Descriptive statistics IFLS household panel 1993–2007.

Variable	1993		1997		2000		2007
	N = 7,194		N = 6,667		N = 6,703		N = 6,335
	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.
Out-of-pocket expenditures (IDR)	167,072.80	806,423.10	182,327.30	816,080.70	171,308.30	2,033,662.00	186,134.00	843,351.20
Household income (IDR)	5,310,577.00	5,310,577.00	6,999,397.00	1.22e+07	6,447,424.00	7,573,455.00	7,862,883.00	2.48e+07
Health insurance
Askes	0.086	0.281	0.147	0.354	0.134	0.340	0.129	0.335
Jamsostek	0.010	0.097	0.070	0.255	0.067	0.251	0.074	0.262
Askeskin	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.179	0.383
Male	0.839	0.368	0.822	0.382	0.816	0.387	0.781	0.414
Married	0.368	0.377	0.815	0.389	0.805	0.396	0.765	0.424
Education:
Below junior high	0.687	0.464	0.691	0.462	0.669	0.471	0.638	0.481
Junior high	0.118	0.322	0.114	0.318	0.124	0.329	0.124	0.328
Senior high	0.139	0.346	0.140	0.347	0.143	0.350	0.163	0.369
University	0.056	0.231	0.055	0.227	0.062	0.241	0.077	0.266
Household size >4	0.471	0.499	0.594	0.491	0.674	0.469	0.756	0.429
Age composition (years):
0–5	0.115	0.151	0.088	0.124	0.074	0.106	0.048	0.084
6–17	0.245	0.220	0.243	0.197	0.231	0.186	0.175	0.160
18–59	0.545	0.245	0.564	0.230	0.584	0.226	0.662	0.211
60 and above	0.095	0.220	0.105	0.216	0.111	0.212	0.115	0.194
Urban	0.475	0.499	0.452	0.498	0.455	0.498	0.493	0.500
Ethnicity (Javanese)	0.587	0.492	0.589	0.492	0.590	0.492	0.585	0.493
Health status
GHS is “poor”	0.200	0.400	0.270	0.444	0.325	0.468	0.356	0.479
ADL with limitation	0.297	0.457	0.535	0.499	0.627	0.484	0.595	0.491