Table 3. Effects of urban/rural residency and geographical area on hypertension burden in Yemen.

	Hypertension	Self-reported BP meas.	Awareness	Treatment	BP control
Factors	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Age (per decades)	1.91 (1.79–2.03)	1.21 (1.16–1.26)	1.13 (0.98–1.30)	1.16 (1.00–1.34)	0.66 (0.51–0.85)
Gender (women)	1.07 (0.93–1.23)	1.27 (1.15–1.40)	1.21 (0.94–1.57)	1.19 (0.92–1.54)	1.91 (1.15–3.16)
Education (categories)	—	—	—	—	—
Illiterate	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Primary or secondary school	0.73 (0.62–0.86)	0.88 (0.77–1.00)	0.90 (0.67–1.22)	0.84 (0.61–1.14)	0.94 (0.51–1.74)
High school or more	0.55 (0.45–0.68)	1.07 (0.94–1.23)	0.67 (0.45–1.00)	0.61 (0.40–0.91)	1.77 (0.86–3.64)
Temperature (per °C)	0.98 (0.96–0.99)	1.06 (1.04–1.08)	1.00 (0.97–1.05)	1.01 (0.97–1.05)	1.07 (0.99–1.16)
Location (rural)	1.03 (0.91–1.17)	1.04 (0.95–1.14)	0.53 (0.42–0.67)	0.57 (0.45–0.72)	0.92 (0.60–1.40)
Geographical area	—	—	—	—	—
Capital	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Inland	1.36 (1.15–1.60)	0.68 (0.61–0.77)	0.59 (0.44–0.80)	0.60 (0.44–0.81)	0.54 (0.31–0.93)
Coast	1.53 (1.25–1.84)	0.83 (0.71–0.96)	0.52 (0.35–0.77)	0.49 (0.33–0.73)	0.23 (0.14–0.52)

Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence level; OR, odds ratio.

Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, education and average air temperature at the two survey visits.