Table 2.
Polymorphisms associated with all malaria-associated seizures. (A) Site-specific and (B) pooled analysis across sites
| (A) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blantyre, Malawi | Kilifi, Kenya | Kumasi, Ghana | Muheza, Tanzania | |||||||||
| Polymorphism | Odds ratio | p-value | Model | Odds ratio | p-value | Model | Odds ratio | p-value | Model | Odds ratio | p-value | Model |
| IL10 rs1800896 | 0.37 (0.18–0.74) | 0.00531 | rec | 0.85 (0.62–1.16) | 0.29979 | rec | 0.53 (0.33–0.85) | 0.00739 | het | 1.22 (0.64–2.34) | 0.53950 | rec |
| EMR1 rs373533 | 4.96 (1.78–13.81) | 0.00219 | add | 1.18 (0.92–1.52) | 0.19266 | gen | 0.52 (0.33–0.81) | 0.00360 | het | 0.58 (0.35–0.99) | 0.04401 | rec |
| EMR1 rs461645 | 0.26 (0.10–0.68) | 0.00678 | add | 1.16 (0.94–1.42) | 0.15859 | het | 0.55 (0.36–0.86) | 0.00820 | het | 1.43 (0.87–2.36) | 0.16016 | dom |
| G6PD rs1050828 (male) | 0.85 (0.44–1.64) | 0.63689 | rec | 0.67 (0.46–0.99) | 0.043059 | rec | 0.26 (0.11–0.60) | 0.00155 | dom | 1.40 (0.33–8.51) | 0.51996 | gen |
| G6PD rs1050829 (male) | 1.66 (0.93–3.00) | 0.08877 | gen | 0.66 (0.16–2.74) | 0.56976 | add | 0.27 (0.11–0.62) | 0.00230 | dom | 0.58 (0.15–2.26) | 0.42957 | het |
| CD40LG rs3092945 (female) | 8.07 (1.65–37.25) | 0.00953 | het | 0.43 (0.26–0.69) | 0.00068 | rec | 1.48 (0.82–2.68) | 0.19521 | dom | 0.32 (0.10–1.21) | 0.094107 | rec |
| CR1 rs17047660 | 1.58 (0.87–2.91) | 0.13540 | het | 2.74 (1.44–5.20) | 0.00212 | rec | 0.83 (0.53–1.30) | 0.42305 | dom | 0.68 (0.43–1.06) | 0.09166 | het |
| TNF rs3093662 | 0.68 (0.42–1.09) | 0.10847 | het | 1.46 (1.14–1.88) | 0.00274 | het | 0.54 (0.16–1.87) | 0.3359 | het | 7.22 (0.78–67.13) | 0.08220 | gen |
| CR1 rs17047661 | 1.55 (0.75–3.22) | 0.23483 | add | 1.14 (0.80–1.64) | 0.46397 | gen | 0.49 (0.21–1.17) | 0.10869 | gen | 0.37 (0.19–0.72) | 0.00354 | gen |
| (B) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pooled analysis across the four sites | ||||||||||||
| Gene | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Model | |||||||||
| IL10 rs3024500 | 1.37 (1.09–1.71) | 0.00846 | gen | |||||||||
| IL17RE rs708567 | 0.78 (0.65–0.94) | 0.00709 | rec | |||||||||
Genotypic tests with a p-value ≤ 0.009 are reported, with comparisons from other sites (on adjustment for multiple testing, a p-value of ≤0.009 was considered to represent true genotypic tests). The logistic model was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and history of adverse perinatal events. Model denotes the inheritance pattern of interest: add = additive, dom = dominant, het = heterozygous, and rec = recessive. Polymorphisms are represented as HUGO gene symbol and rs number.