Table 5.

—Risk of Death Among Patients With ILD, PAH, CHF, or CKD, or Who Smoked

Covariate	HR	95% CI	P Value
ILD	2.90	1.16-7.26	.023
PAHa	4.78	1.83-12.49	.002
CHF	1.19	0.44-3.27	.733
CKD	2.78	1.21-6.40	.016
Smokingb	1.69	0.64-4.50	.291

Proportional hazards analysis was used modeling ILD, PAH, CHF, CKD, and smoking as binary, time-dependent covariates. Each model was adjusted for age. HR = hazard ratio. See Table 2 legend for expansion of other abbreviations.

^aNot secondary to ILD.

^bSmoking is represented as ever vs never smoked.